evolution

== English == === Etymology === Borrowed from Latin ēvolūtiō, ēvolūtiōnis (“the act of unrolling, unfolding or opening (of a book)”), from ēvolūtus, perfect passive participle of ēvolvō (“unroll, unfold”), from ex + volvō (“roll”). Compare typologically Czech vývoj, Serbo-Croatian развој, Russian разви́ть (razvítʹ), развива́ть (razvivátʹ), разви́ться (razvítʹsja), развива́ться (razvivátʹsja), Russian разви́тие (razvítije), related to Proto-Slavic *viti (whence Czech vít, Russian вить (vitʹ)). === Pronunciation === (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/, /ɛvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/ (General American) enPR: ĕv'ə-lo͞oʹshən, ēv'ə-, -lo͞oshʹn, IPA(key): /ˌɛvəˈluʃ(ə)n/, /ˌivə-/ (General Australian) IPA(key): /ɛvəˈlʉːʃən/ Rhymes: -uːʃən Hyphenation: evo‧lu‧tion === Noun === evolution (countable and uncountable, plural evolutions) A change of position. (military) A manoeuvre of troops or ships. [from 17th c.] (chiefly dance, sports) A turning movement, especially of the body. [from 17th c.] (obsolete) A turned or twisted shape; an involution, a complex or intricate shape. [18th c.] An unfolding. (now rare) The act or process of unfolding or opening out; the progression of events in regular succession. [from 17th c.] (geometry) The opening out of a curve; now more generally, the gradual transformation of a curve by a change of the conditions generating it. [from 17th c.] (mathematics, now chiefly historical) The extraction of a root from a given power. [from 17th c.] (chemistry) The act or an instance of giving off gas; emission. [from 18th c.] Process of development. Development; the act or result of developing what was implicit in an idea, argument etc. [from 17th c.] A process of gradual change in a given system, subject, product etc., especially from simpler to more complex forms. [from 18th c.] (biology) The transformation of animals, plants and other living things into different forms (now understood as a change in genetic composition) by the accumulation of changes over successive generations. [from 19th c.] ==== Antonyms ==== (antonym(s) of “accumulation of change”): stagnation (antonym(s) of “gradual process”): revolution (antonym(s) of “survival through adaptation”): extinction ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== ==== Translations ==== === See also === Darwinism neo-Darwinism === References === “evolution”, in OneLook Dictionary Search. evolution in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018. Raymond Williams (1983), “Evolution”, in Keywords: A Vocabulary of Culture and Society, revised American edition, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, published 1985, →ISBN, page 120 William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “evolution”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC. “evolution”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC. == Swedish == === Noun === evolution c evolution; development (biology) evolution ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== evolutionär === See also === utveckling