estremecer

== Galician == === Alternative forms === estemorecer, estromecer === Etymology === From Old Galician-Portuguese estremecer (13th century, Alfonso X the Wise), from es- +‎ Latin tremēscō (“I begin to tremble, shake”), from tremō (“I shake, tremble”) + -ēscō. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [estɾemeˈθeɾ], (western) [estɾemeˈseɾ] === Verb === estremecer (first-person singular present estremezo, first-person singular preterite estremecín, past participle estremecido) estremecer (first-person singular present estremeço, first-person singular preterite estremecim or estremeci, past participle estremecido, reintegrationist norm) (intransitive or pronominal) to shake, tremble 1885, V.P., Un conto: (intransitive or pronominal) to shiver ==== Conjugation ==== === References === Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “estremecer”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “estreme”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “estremecer”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega “estremecer”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2026 Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “estremecer”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “estremecer”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN == Portuguese == === Etymology === From es- +‎ Latin tremēscere (“to begin to tremble, to shake”), from tremō (“to shake, to tremble”) + -ēscō, from Proto-Indo-European *trem- (“tremble”). === Pronunciation === === Verb === estremecer (first-person singular present estremeço, first-person singular preterite estremeci, past participle estremecido) to cause to shake Synonyms: abalar, balançar, chacoalhar, sacudir to shake; to tremble Synonym: tremer to shiver to terrify; to send shivers down someone's spine Synonyms: amedrontar, apavorar, aterrorizar ==== Conjugation ==== === Further reading === “estremecer”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026 “estremecer”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026 == Spanish == === Etymology === From ex- (“out of”) +‎ tremiscere (“to start shaking”), from Latin tremō, whence English tremble and tremor. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /estɾemeˈθeɾ/ [es.t̪ɾe.meˈθeɾ] (Spain) IPA(key): /estɾemeˈseɾ/ [es.t̪ɾe.meˈseɾ] (Latin America, Philippines) Rhymes: -eɾ Syllabification: es‧tre‧me‧cer === Verb === estremecer (first-person singular present estremezco, first-person singular preterite estremecí, past participle estremecido) (transitive) to shake, make tremble, make shudder (transitive) to thrill (reflexive) to shudder, to flinch ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Derived terms ==== estremecedor estremecimiento estremezón (“shake; shiver, shivering”) (Colombia, Venezuela); ("tremor") (Andalusia, Caribbean) ==== Related terms ==== === Further reading === “estremecer”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025