empedernir

== Portuguese == === Etymology === From *empedrenir, from em- +‎ pedra and an uncertain suffix. === Pronunciation === === Verb === empedernir (first-person singular present (Portugal only; missing in Brazil) empedirno, third-person singular present empederne, first-person singular preterite empederni, past participle empedernido) (transitive) to make rock hard ==== Conjugation ==== === References === === Further reading === “empedernir”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026 “empedernir”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026 == Spanish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /empedeɾˈniɾ/ [ẽm.pe.ð̞eɾˈniɾ] Rhymes: -iɾ Syllabification: em‧pe‧der‧nir === Verb === empedernir (no stressed present indicative or subjunctive, first-person singular preterite empederní, past participle empedernido) to harden ==== Usage notes ==== Used only with forms where the ending begins with -i. ==== Conjugation ==== === Further reading === “empedernir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025