elven

== English == === Pronunciation === (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA(key): /ˈɛlv(ə)n/ Rhymes: -ɛlvən Hyphenation: elv‧en === Etymology 1 === Learned borrowing from Middle English elve, elven (“(also attributively) elf or fairy of either sex”) [and other forms], from Old English elfen, ælfen, ielfen (“female elf”), from elf, ælf, ielf (“elf”) (ultimately from Proto-Germanic *albiz (“elf, fairy”), from Proto-Indo-European *albʰós (“white”)) + -en (suffix forming feminine nouns). The English word is cognate with Middle High German elbinne (“fairy, nymph”). ==== Noun ==== elven (plural elvens) Originally, a female elf, a fairy, a nymph; (by extension) any elf. [before 12th – 14th c.; revived 20th c.] ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 2 === From the attributive use of Middle English elven (“elf or fairy of either sex”) (see etymology 1), like English elfin, reinterpreted as elf +‎ -en (suffix with the sense ‘pertaining to; having the qualities of; resembling’ forming adjectives). The word first appears in the English author and philologist J. R. R. Tolkien’s works The Hobbit (1937) and The Lord of the Rings (1954–1955): see the quotations. ==== Adjective ==== elven (comparative more elven, superlative most elven) Belonging or relating to, or characteristic of, elves; elfin, elflike. [from mid 20th c.] Synonyms: elfish, elvish, elvan ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 3 === Probably a variant of elmen (“of or pertaining to an elm tree; composed of elm trees; made of elm wood”). ==== Noun ==== elven (plural elvens) (Kent, Sussex, Warwickshire, Worcestershire) An elm (a tree of the genus Ulmus, particularly the wych elm or Scots elm (Ulmus glabra))). ===== Alternative forms ===== elvin (Kent) ===== Translations ===== === References === === Further reading === elf on Wikipedia.Wikipedia “elven, adj.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022. === Anagrams === Leven, Nevel, leven == Cornish == === Etymology 1 === From Proto-Brythonic *elβ̃en, from Latin elementum. Cognate with Breton elfenn and Welsh elfen. ==== Noun ==== elven f (plural elvennow) element factor spark (chemistry) element ===== Derived terms ===== === Etymology 2 === From Etymology 1, because the hard rock could be struck to spark fire. ==== Noun ==== elven f (plural elvenow) (mining) elvan/elvanite, a type of igneous rock ===== Descendants ===== → English: elvan === References === == Dutch == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈɛl.və(n)/ Hyphenation: el‧ven Rhymes: -ɛlvən === Numeral === elven (archaic) dative plural of elf, still commonly used in the following contexts: after met z'n: involving eleven people Ze kwamen met z’n elven. ― They were eleven who came. after prepositions like na, om, voor: eleven o'clock Het was kort voor elven. ― It was shortly before eleven o'clock. === Noun === elven plural of elf == Hungarian == === Etymology === elv +‎ -en === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈɛlvɛn] Hyphenation: el‧ven === Noun === elven superessive singular of elv == Middle English == === Alternative forms === alven, alve, elfe === Etymology === From Old English elfen, ælfen (“nymph, spirit, fairy”), feminine of elf, ælf (“elf”); by surface analysis, elf +‎ en (feminine suffix). Compare Middle High German elbinne (“fairy, nymph”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈɛlvən/, (Early Middle English, Southwest Midland) /ˈalvə(n)/ === Noun === elven (plural elvene) A (especially female) elf, a fairy, nymph ==== Descendants ==== English: elven, elfe (obsolete) ==== References ==== “elve(n, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 5 April 2018. == Norwegian Bokmål == === Etymology 1 === ==== Alternative forms ==== elva ==== Noun ==== elven m or f definite masculine singular of elv === Etymology 2 === ==== Noun ==== elven m definite singular of elv == Norwegian Nynorsk == === Noun === elven m definite singular of elv (Etymology 2)