dzierżeć

== Old Polish == === Alternative forms === dzirżeć === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dьržati. First attested in 1393. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /d͡ʑʲɛrʒʲɛt͡ɕʲ/ IPA(key): (15th CE) /d͡ʑʲɛrʒʲɛt͡ɕʲ/ === Verb === dzierżeć impf to hold in one's arms Synonym: trzymać to hold up to keep in check to keep (to not let leave) to grab and hold (attested in Masovia, Greater Poland) to keep prisoner; to force to stay to stop; to disturb (attested in Greater Poland, Masovia) to hold as property or leasehold to hold an office (attested in Masovia, Lesser Poland) to keep, to observe, to follow rules, etc. to occupy oneself with, to engage in (attested in Masovia) to consider someone something to keep in a particular state or place to hold, to contain to symbolize to take, to endure (reflexive with się) to keep in touch, to stick to/with ==== Related terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== Polish: dzierżyć === References === Bożena Sieradzka-Baziur, et al., editors (2011–2015), “dzierżeć, dzirżeć, dzierżeć się”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN