denizen

== English == === Etymology === From Middle English denisein, from Old French denzein, from deinz (“within”) +‎ -ein, from Late Latin dē intus (“from within”), whence French dans. === Pronunciation === (UK, US) IPA(key): /ˈdɛn.ɪ.zən/ Rhymes: -ɛnɪzən === Noun === denizen (plural denizens) An inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in a certain place. Synonyms: dweller, inhabitant, native, resident; see also Thesaurus:inhabitant One who frequents a place. Synonyms: regular, habitué (UK, historical) A person with rights between those of naturalized citizen and resident alien (roughly permanent resident), obtained through letters patent. 1548, Edward Hall, The Union of the Two Noble and Illustre Famelies of Lancastre and Yorke, London, The xiiii yere,[2] Then by commaundement wer all Fre[n]chemen and Scottes imprisoned and the goodes seazed, and all suche as were denizens were commaunded to shewe their letters patentes […] 1765, William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, Book 1, Chapter X, p. 374 A denizen is a kind of middle state, between an alien and a natural-born subject, and partakes of both. 1803, John Browne Cutting, “A Succinct History of Jamaica” in Robert Charles Dallas, The History of the Maroons, London: Longman and Rees, Volume 1, p. xlv,[3] All free persons were authorized and permitted to transport themselves, their families, and goods […] to Jamaica, from any part of the British dominions; and their children born in Jamaica were declared free denizens of England, entitled to the same privileges as free born subjects of England. (biology) An animal or plant from a particular range or habitat. (linguistics) A foreign word that has become naturalised in another language in terms of use, but not in terms of form. ==== Usage notes ==== As a British legal category, used between 13th and 19th century (mentioned but not used in 20th century), made obsolete by naturalisation – see denization. ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== citizen ==== Translations ==== ==== See also ==== === Verb === denizen (third-person singular simple present denizens, present participle denizening, simple past and past participle denizened) (transitive, UK, historical) To grant rights of citizenship to; to naturalize. 1693, John Dryden (translator), The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis, London: Jacob Tonson, The Third Satyr, p. 38,[4] Poor Refugies at first, they purchase here: And, soon as Denizen’d, they domineer. (transitive) To provide with denizens; to populate with adopted or naturalized occupants. 1849, Joseph Dalton Hooker, “Extracts from the Private Letters of Dr. J. D. Hooker, written during a Botanical Mission to India” in William Jackson Hooker (editor), Hooker’s Journal of Botany and Kew Garden Miscellany, London: Reeve, Benham and Reeve, Volume 1, p. 85,[5] There were a few islets in the sand […] . These were at once denizened by the Calotropis, Argemone, Tamarix, Gnaphalium luteoalbum and two other species […] .