demon

== English == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈdiː.mən/ Rhymes: -iːmən Homophone: daemon === Etymology 1 === From Middle English demon, a borrowing from Medieval Latin dēmōn, daemōn (“lar, familiar spirit, guardian spirit”), from Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn, “dispenser, god, protective spirit”). Displaced native Old English sċucca and Old English þyrs. Doublet of daimon. ==== Alternative forms ==== (now chiefly in reference to the ancient Greek spirit): daimon, daemon, dæmon ==== Noun ==== demon (plural demons) An evil supernatural being. An evil being resident in or working for Hell; a devil. [from 10th c.] (now chiefly historical) A false god or idol; a Satanic divinity. [from 10th c.] (figuratively, by extension) A very wicked or malevolent person; also (in weakened sense) a mischievous person, especially a child. [from 16th c.] A source (especially personified) of great evil or wickedness; a destructive feeling or character flaw. [from 17th c.] (in the plural) A person's fears or anxieties. [from 19th c.] A neutral supernatural being. A person's inner spirit or genius; a guiding or creative impulse. [from 14th c.] (Greek mythology) A tutelary deity or spirit intermediate between the major Olympian gods and mankind, especially a deified hero or the entity which supposedly guided Socrates, telling him what not to do. [from 16th c.] A supernatural being not considered to be inherently evil; a (non-Christian) deity. [from 19th c.] A hypothetical entity with special abilities postulated for the sake of a thought experiment in philosophy or physics. 1874, William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin, “Kinetic Theory of the Dissipation of Energy” in Nature 9, 441-444: Someone with great strength, passion or skill for a particular activity, pursuit etc.; an enthusiast. [from 19th c.] (card games) A type of patience or solitaire (card game) played in the UK and/or US. [from 19th c.] Coordinate term: Canfield Any of various hesperiid butterflies of the genera Notocrypta and Udaspes. ===== Usage notes ===== Meanings drawing on the neutral, ancient Greek conception now often distinguish themselves by the variant spellings daimon or daemon. ===== Quotations ===== For more quotations using this term, see Citations:demon. ===== Synonyms ===== (evil being): See Thesaurus:demon (neutral being): genius, tutelary deity, see also Thesaurus:god and Thesaurus:spirit ===== Hyponyms ===== (evil being): See Thesaurus:demon (theoretical entity): Maxwell's demon ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Related terms ===== ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 2 === From distinct electron motion + -on. ==== Noun ==== demon (plural demons) (physics) Acronym of distinct electron motion particle: a quasiparticle, a type of massless neutral electron excitation associated with superconductivity. ===== Synonyms ===== ===== Hypernyms ===== ===== Related terms ===== ==== Further reading ==== Pines' demon on Wikipedia.Wikipedia === Etymology 3 === From Maxwell's demon; a derivation from “disk and execution monitor” is generally considered a backronym. ==== Alternative forms ==== daemon, dæmon ==== Noun ==== demon (plural demons) (computing) Alternative spelling of daemon. === Anagrams === Emond, monde, moned == Dutch == === Etymology === From Latin daemon (“lar, genius, guardian spirit”), from Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn, “dispenser, god, protective spirit”). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term, particularly: === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈdeː.mɔn/ Hyphenation: de‧mon === Noun === demon m (plural demonen or demons, no diminutive) genius, lar (uncommon) demon Synonyms: demoon, duivel == Finnish == === Noun === demon genitive singular of demo === Anagrams === moden == Latin == === Alternative forms === dēmum === Pronunciation === (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈdeː.mɔn] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈdɛː.mon] === Noun === dēmon m accusative singular of dēmos == Middle English == === Etymology === From Medieval Latin dēmōn, daemōn, from Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn). Doublet of tyme (“time”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /dɛːˈmɔːn/ === Noun === demon (plural demones) demon, devil, malicious spirit (rare) daimon, helpful spirit ==== Descendants ==== English: demon ==== References ==== “dēmōn, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 25 April 2018. == Norwegian Bokmål == === Etymology === Borrowed from Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn). === Noun === demon m (definite singular demonen, indefinite plural demoner, definite plural demonene) a demon ==== Derived terms ==== demonisere ==== Related terms ==== demonisk === References === “demon” in The Bokmål Dictionary. == Norwegian Nynorsk == === Etymology === Borrowed from Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn). === Noun === demon m (definite singular demonen, indefinite plural demonar, definite plural demonane) a demon ==== Derived terms ==== demonisere ==== Related terms ==== demonisk === References === “demon” in The Nynorsk Dictionary. == Old English == === Etymology === From Medieval Latin dēmōn, daemōn, from Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈdeː.mon/ === Noun === dēmon (hapax legomenon) demon ==== Usage notes ==== Attested only in the dative plural dēmonum, glossing demonibus in the Durham Ritual. As such, the gender of dēmon is uncertain === References === Joseph Bosworth; T. Northcote Toller (1898), “démon”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, second edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press. == Old Irish == === Alternative forms === demun === Etymology === From Latin daemōn, from Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn), though the plural seems to be from daemonia, the plural of the diminutive daemonium. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈd̠ʲe.β̃un/ (Blasse) [ˈd̠ʲe.β̃un] (Griffith) [ˈd̠ʲe.β̃øn] === Noun === demon m (genitive demuin, nominative plural demna) demon, devil the Devil c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 9d24 ==== Declension ==== ==== Descendants ==== Irish: deamhan Scottish Gaelic: deamhan === Mutation === === References === === Further reading === Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “demon”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language == Polish == === Etymology === Learned borrowing from Latin daemon (“lar, genius, guardian spirit”), from Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn, “dispenser, god, protective spirit”). Sense 2 is a semantic loan from English daemon. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈdɛ.mɔn/ Rhymes: -ɛmɔn Syllabification: de‧mon === Noun === demon m animal (mythology, religion) demon (evil supernatural spirit) (computing) daemon (running program that does not have a controlling terminal) ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === “demon”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[4] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN “demon”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[5] (in Polish) == Romanian == === Alternative forms === dimon — regional, Moldova === Etymology === Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic демонъ (demonŭ), from Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn). Compare also Aromanian demun. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈdemon] === Noun === demon m (plural demoni) demon (figuratively) a despicable person ==== Declension ==== ==== Synonyms ==== diavol drac ==== Antonyms ==== înger sfânt ==== Related terms ==== demonic == Serbo-Croatian == === Etymology === Borrowed from Greek δαίμονας (daímonas). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /děmoːn/ Hyphenation: de‧mon === Noun === dèmōn m anim (Cyrillic spelling дѐмо̄н) demon ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== dèmōnskī == Swedish == === Alternative forms === dæmon (archaic) === Etymology === Borrowed from Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn). === Noun === demon c a demon (evil spirit) (Greek mythology) a demon (neutral spirit) (in the plural) a demon (personification of anxiety and the like) ==== Declension ==== ==== Related terms ==== demoni demonisera demonisk ==== See also ==== jävel === References === “demon”, in Svenska Akademiens ordböcker [Dictionaries of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish) demon in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)