crudus

== Latin == === Etymology === Disputed. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *krewh₂-. It may be dissimilated from earlier *crūrus, from Proto-Italic *krūros, itself from *kruh₂rós, from *krewh₂- (“raw meat, fresh blood”). Alternatively, Sihler suggests dissimilation from a pre-form *krowros. However, De Vaan argues that the required dissimilation is unusual and "cannot be accepted without further support." Nussbaum has suggested that the term may derive from *krewh₂-idʰos. However, according to De Vaan, such a PIE form would be expected to develop into Proto-Italic *krowiðos, which could only produce crūdus via syncope. Thus, De Vaan doubts this etymology, arguing that syncope is unusual for adjectives in -idus. De Vaan alternatively suggests a possible derivation from *krowoðos, from *krewh₂-odʰ-os. Cognate with English raw. === Pronunciation === (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈkruː.dʊs] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈkruː.dus] === Adjective === crūdus (feminine crūda, neuter crūdum, comparative crūdior, superlative crūdissimus); first/second-declension adjective raw, bloody, bleeding immature, unripe, premature unprepared, raw, uncooked (figuratively) crude, cruel, rough ==== Declension ==== First/second-declension adjective. ==== Related terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== === References === “crudus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press “crudus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers “crudus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette. crudus in Ramminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)), Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎[1], pre-publication website, 2005-2016