crisp

== English == === Pronunciation === (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA(key): /kɹɪsp/ Rhymes: -ɪsp === Etymology 1 === The adjective is derived partly from the following: Adjective sense 1: Middle English crisp (“curly, wavy”), from Old English crisp (“curly”), from Latin crispus (“of hair: crimped, curly”), possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kris-, from *(s)ker- (“to bend; to turn”). Adjective sense 2: from the above, and probably also onomatopoeic, representing a crinkling or crunching sound. Doublet of crape and crepe. Adjective adjective sense 2.2.3 (“of air, weather, etc.: cool and dry”) is transferred from a description of frost or snow as “crisp”, that is, crunchy. The noun is derived partly from the following: Middle English crisp (“light, crinkled fabric; kind of pastry; crinkliness or roughness of skin”), from crisp (adjective) (see above). Modern English crisp (adjective) (“having a consistency which is hard yet brittle”). ==== Adjective ==== crisp (comparative crisper, superlative crispest) Senses relating to curliness. (dated) Of hair: curling, especially in tight, stiff curls or ringlets; also (obsolete), of a person: having hair curled in this manner. (archaic or obsolete) Of a body of water, skin, etc.: having a surface which is rippled or wrinkled. (botany, archaic) Synonym of crispate (“of a leaf: having curled, notched, or wavy edges”); crisped. (uncertain, obsolete) Clear; also, shining, or smooth. Senses relating to brittleness. Having a consistency which is hard yet brittle, and in a condition to break with a sharp fracture; crumbly, friable, short. (figurative) Not limp; firm, stiff; not stale or wilted; fresh; also, effervescent, lively. Of action, movement, a person's manner, etc.: precise and quick; brisk. Antonym: flabby Of air, weather, etc.: cool and dry; also, of a period of time: characterized by such weather. Of fabric, paper, etc.: clean and uncreased. Of something heard or seen: clearly defined; clean, neat, sharp. (computing theory) Not using fuzzy logic; based on a binary distinction between true and false. (wine) Of wine: having a refreshing amount of acidity; having less acidity than green wine, but more than a flabby one. ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Related terms ===== crispate crispated crispation ===== Translations ===== ==== Noun ==== crisp (plural crisps) Senses relating to something brittle. (Ireland, UK, chiefly in the plural) In full potato crisp: a thin slice of potato which has been deep-fried until it is brittle and crispy, and eaten when cool; they are typically packaged and sold as a snack. Synonyms: chip, potato chip (all Australia, Canada, US) (Ireland, UK, by extension) Sometimes with a descriptive word: a crispy, savoury snack made of some other ingredient(s) (such as cornmeal or a vegetable) which is baked or deep-fried and eaten like a potato crisp. (chiefly Canada, US) A type of baked dessert consisting of fruit topped with a crumbly mixture made with fat, flour, and sugar; a crumble. Synonym: crunch (slang, dated) A banknote; also, a number of banknotes collectively. (originally US, also figurative) Chiefly in to a crisp: a food item that has been overcooked, or a thing which has been burned, to the point of becoming charred or dried out. (obsolete except UK, dialectal) The crispy rind of roast pork; crackling. (obsolete) Senses relating to something curled. A curly lock of hair, especially one which is tightly curled. A delicate fabric, possibly resembling crepe, especially used by women for veils or other head coverings in the past; also, a head covering made of this fabric. ===== Derived terms ===== burn to a crisp cheese crisp chili crisp crisplike crispwich piece and crisps prawn crisp ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 2 === Partly from the following: Sense 1: crisp (adjective; see etymology 1). Sense 2: Late Middle English crispen (“to curl; of hair: to be curly”), from Old English cirpsian (“to curl, crisp”), from Latin crīspō (“to crimp; to curl”), from crispus (“of hair: crimped, curly”, adjective) (see etymology 1) + -ō (suffix forming infinitives of first-conjugation verbs). ==== Verb ==== crisp (third-person singular simple present crisps, present participle crisping, simple past and past participle crisped) Senses relating to brittleness. (transitive) To make (something) firm yet brittle; specifically (cooking), to give (food) a crispy surface through frying, grilling, or roasting. Synonym: crispen c. 1752, Elizabeth Moxon, English Housewifry, Leeds: James Lister, “To make Hare Soop,” p. 6,[2] […] put it into a Dish, with a little stew’d Spinage, crisp’d Bread, and a few forc’d-meat Balls. (transitive, figurative, dated) To add small amounts of colour to (something); to tinge, to tint. (intransitive) To become firm yet brittle; specifically (cooking), of food: to form a crispy surface through frying, grilling, or roasting. Synonym: crispen (intransitive, dated) To make a sharp crackling or crunching sound. Synonyms: crackle, creak, crunch, rustle 1915, Clotilde Graves (as Richard Dehan), “A Dish of Macaroni” in Off Sandy Hook, New York: Frederick A. Stokes, p. 39,[9] […] her light footsteps and crisping draperies retreated along the passage, (dated) Senses relating to curliness. (transitive) To curl (something, such as fabric) into tight, stiff folds or waves; to crimp, to crinkle; specifically, to form (hair) into tight curls or ringlets. 1609, Douay-Rheims Bible, 2 Chronicles 4.5,[12] […] the brimme therof was as it were the brimme of a chalice, or of a crisped lilie: 1630, Michael Drayton, The Muses Elizium, London: John Waterson, “The Description of Elizium,” The fift Nimphall, p. 44,[13] The Louer with the Myrtle Sprayes Adornes his crisped Tresses: (transitive, figurative) To cause (a body of water) to undulate irregularly; to ripple. 1818, Lord Byron, Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage, Canto 4, London: John Murray, stanza 53, p. 29,[15] I would not their vile breath should crisp the stream Wherein that image shall for ever dwell; To twist or wrinkle (a body part). (transitive, UK, dialectal) To fold (newly woven cloth). (intransitive) To become curled into tight, stiff folds or waves. (intransitive, figurative) Of a body of water: to ripple, to undulate. 1630, Henry Hawkins (translator), Certaine selected epistles of S. Hierome, Saint-Omer: The English College Press, “The Epitaphe of S. Paula,” p. 96,[22] Hitherto we haue sayled with a fore-wind, & our sliding ship hath plowed vp the crisping waues of the Sea at ease. 1832, Alfred, Lord Tennyson, “The Lotos-Eaters,” Choric Song, V., in Poems, London: Moxon, p. 114,[23] To watch the crisping ripples on the beach, And tender curving lines of creamy spray: Of a body part: to become twisted or wrinkled. ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Translations ===== === References === === Further reading === “crisp”, in OneLook Dictionary Search. William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin Eli Smith, editors (1895–1910), “crisp”, in The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia: […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC. === Anagrams === Crips, crips, scrip == Middle English == === Alternative forms === cripce, crips, crispe, crysp, cryspe, kyrspe === Etymology === From Old English crisp, cirps and Old French cresp, crespe, from Latin crispus. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /krisp/, /krips/ === Adjective === crisp (plural and weak singular crispe) curly, curled curly-haired crinkly or wavy ==== Related terms ==== crispen ==== Descendants ==== English: crisp ==== References ==== “crisp, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007. === Noun === crisp (plural crispes) A kind of curled pastry. A kind of crinkly fabric. ==== Descendants ==== English: crisp ==== References ==== “crisp, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007. == Old English == === Etymology === From Latin crispus (“curly”). === Adjective === crisp (of hair) curly ==== Descendants ==== Middle English: crisp, cripce, crips, crispe, crysp, cryspe, kyrspeEnglish: crisp === References === Joseph Bosworth; T. Northcote Toller (1898), “crisp”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, second edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.