coagulum

== English == === Etymology === Borrowed from Latin coagulum. === Noun === coagulum (plural coagulums or coagula) A mass of coagulated material; a clot or curd ==== Translations ==== == French == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /kɔ.a.ɡy.lɔm/ === Noun === coagulum m (plural coagulums) coagulum === Further reading === “coagulum”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012 == Latin == === Alternative forms === quaglum (rare, Late or Vulgar Latin) === Etymology === Equivalent to cōgō (“gather together”) +‎ -ulum (instrument noun suffix); the verb base in turn is equivalent to con- (“together”) +‎ agō (“push, drive”), with the latter from the root *h₂eǵ-. The etymological origin of the suffix and of the lengthened vowel -ā- in the base is disputed; see -ulum and -ula. One hypothesis derives the suffix from *-dʰlom and assumes *-ǵ-dʰlo- underwent regular cluster simplification with compensatory lengthening of the preceding vowel; thus, Sihler 1995 reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ-dʰlo-. De Vaan 2008 suggests alternatively that the long ā here and in ambāgēs could be analogical in origin, ultimately influenced by formations such as prōpāgēs and contāgēs (which may regularly continue the full-grade of *peh₂ǵ- and *teh₂g-, respectively). Sen 2015 argues that the instrumental ending -ulum is more likely from the neuter of the suffix -ulus (found in some agent nouns, such as figulus (“potter”)) from Proto-Italic *-elos. Nielsen 2004 considers it unlikely that instrument -ulum/-ula goes back to either *-dʰlom or agentive *-(e)lo-, and proposes it developed from *-tlom (> Proto-Italic *-klom), which caused the vowel of the preceding syllable to be lengthened by Lachmann's Law. Afterwards, voiced /ɡ/ was reintroduced either by analogy to the base verbs, or by a conditioned sound change that turned /k.l/ across morpheme boundaries to /ɡl/ after a long vowel. Accordingly, Nielsen reconstructs pre-Latin *kom-ag-klo-. === Pronunciation === (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [koˈaː.ɡʊ.ɫũː] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [koˈaː.ɡu.lum] === Noun === coāgulum n (genitive coāgulī); second declension tie, bond, binding agent curd rennet thickening, congealing ==== Declension ==== Second-declension noun (neuter). ==== Derived terms ==== coāgulō ==== Descendants ==== === References === === Further reading === “coagulum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press “coagulum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers “coagulum”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.