claustrum

== English == === Etymology === Unadapted borrowing from Latin claustrum (“a bolt, bar”). Doublet of cloister. === Pronunciation === (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈklɔːstɹəm/ === Noun === claustrum (plural claustra) (neuroanatomy) A thin, irregular sheet of grey matter underneath the inner part of the neocortex on both sides of the brains of mammals; its exact function is not understood, but it is believed to facilitate coordination between senses For quotations using this term, see Citations:claustrum. ==== Related terms ==== claustral claustrophobia claustrophilia ==== Translations ==== === References === == Latin == === Etymology === From Proto-Italic *klaudtrom, from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂ud- (“key, hook, nail”) + *-trom (“instrumental suffix”). Equivalent to claud- (“to close, enclose”) +‎ -trum. Related to Latin clāvis (“key”), clāvus (“nail, peg”), claustra (“dam, wall, barricade, stronghold”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”), Old High German sliozan (“to close, conclude, lock”), Old Saxon slūtan (“to close, conclude, lock”). === Pronunciation === (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈkɫau̯s.trũː] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈklau̯s.trum] === Noun === claustrum n (genitive claustrī); second declension (rare, usually in the plural) a bar, band, bolt gate, door, bulwark enclosure (confined space) cloister (especially in plural) (Medieval Latin) portion of monastery closed off to laity (New Latin) claustrum (thin lamina of grey matter in each cerebral hemisphere of the human brain) ==== Usage notes ==== Singular forms are almost never encountered; this noun is usually plural. ==== Declension ==== Second-declension noun (neuter). ==== Related terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== === See also === claustra === References === “claustrum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press “claustrum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers "claustrum", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887) “claustrum”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette. Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co. “claustrum”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers claustrum in Ramminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)), Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016 “claustrum”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin