ciap

== Irish == === Alternative forms === ciapaigh === Etymology === Said by Breatnach to be from Middle English kepen (“to desire, keep, protect”) though the semantic connection is unclear. === Verb === ciap (present analytic ciapann, future analytic ciapfaidh, verbal noun ciapadh, past participle ciaptha) (transitive) harass, annoy (transitive) torment ==== Conjugation ==== === Mutation === === References === === Further reading === Dinneen, Patrick S. (1927), “ciapaim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla [Irish and English Dictionary], 2nd edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 188; reprinted with additions 1996, →ISBN Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “ciap”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla [Irish–English Dictionary], Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959), “ciap”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm “ciap”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2026 == Polish == === Pronunciation === Rhymes: -ap Syllabification: ciap === Etymology 1 === Back-formation from ciapeć. ==== Noun ==== ciap m inan (Masovian Borderland, chiefly in the plural) synonym of ciapeć === Etymology 2 === See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. ==== Noun ==== ciap genitive plural of ciapa === Further reading === Małgorzata Kapusta (2017), “ciapy”, in Mowa mieszkańców pogranicza Mazowsza (na przykładzie gminy Głowaczów w powiecie kozienickim) (in Polish), Warsaw: Elipsa, →ISBN, page 75