caligo

== English == === Etymology === Borrowed from Latin cālīgō (“darkness”). Doublet of garua. === Noun === caligo (uncountable) (medicine, obsolete) dimness or obscurity of sight, caused by a speck on the cornea A butterfly of the genus Caligo. === See also === Caligus === References === “caligo”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC. === Anagrams === glacio- == Latin == === Etymology === Formation from an earlier adjective is possible, similarly to several similar nouns in -īgō, examples at rōbīgō, with the verb deriving from the noun, as cālīgō (noun) +‎ -ō. A possible reading in Pacuvius suggests earlier verb semantics as “I make dark”, consistent with this construction. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kel- (“dark spot”), suggested to be connected to columba (“dove, pigeon”), Sanskrit कलङ्क (kalaṅka, “dark blemish”), Serbo-Croatian kâl / ка̑л ("mud, dirt"). Various further Indo-European cognates have been suggested, such as Ancient Greek κελαινός (kelainós, “dark, black”), Ancient Greek κηλίς (kēlís, “spot, stain”) and the rare adjective Latin cā̆lidus (“having a white spot on the forehead”). === Pronunciation === (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [kaːˈliː.ɡoː] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [kaˈliː.ɡo] === Noun === cālīgō f (genitive cālīginis); third declension fog, mist, vapor darkness, gloom (figuratively) fog, darkness (inability to perceive mentally) ==== Declension ==== Third-declension noun. ==== Synonyms ==== (fog, mist): nebula ==== Descendants ==== Asturian: calina Catalan: calitja Galician: calixen, calixe Italian: caligine Portuguese: caligem, caruja, garoa, garua Sicilian: calìnija Spanish: calígine, calina, calima, garúa Translingual: Caligo Venetan: calìgo === Verb === cālīgō (present infinitive cālīgāre, perfect active cālīgāvī, supine cālīgātum); first conjugation to (emit) steam to be dark or gloomy to grope about; have poor eyesight ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Derived terms ==== cālīgātiō === References === “caligo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press “caligo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers "caligo", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887) “caligo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette. Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.