buku

== English == === Noun === buku (plural not attested) Alternative spelling of beaucoup (lots, a large amount) === Adverb === buku (comparative more buku, superlative most buku) Alternative spelling of beaucoup (lots of) === Determiner === buku Alternative spelling of beaucoup (many many many) == Balinese == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /bu.ku/ Rhymes: -uku Hyphenation: bu‧ku === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bukuh. Doublet of wuku. ==== Noun ==== buku (Balinese script ᬩᬸᬓᬸ) joint (of fingers or similar structures) articulation: a small block or segment of something (of bamboos or similar structures) taboo for cutting down segmented plants Hypernym: ᬳᬶᬗ᭄ᬓᭂᬮ᭄ (ingkel) === Etymology 2 === From Indonesian buku, from Malay buku, from Dutch boek, from Middle Dutch boec, from Old Dutch buok, from Proto-Germanic *bōks. ==== Noun ==== buku (Balinese script ᬩᬸᬓᬸ) book (collection of sheets of paper bound together containing printed or written material) === Further reading === “buku”, in Balinese–Indonesian Dictionary [Kamus Bahasa Bali–Indonesia] (in Balinese), Denpasar, Indonesia: The Linguistic Center of Bali Province [Balai Bahasa Provinsi Bali]. == Blagar == === Noun === buku mountain === References === Marian Klamer, The Alor-Pantar languages: History and Typology (2017), p. 131 == Brunei Malay == === Etymology === From Dutch boek, from Middle Dutch boec, from Old Dutch buok, from Proto-Germanic *bōks. Cognate with Malay buku. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /buku/ Hyphenation: bu‧ku === Noun === buku book (collection of sheets of paper bound together containing printed or written material) == Chichewa == === Alternative forms === bukhu === Etymology === Borrowed from English book. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈɓú.ku/ === Noun === búku class 5 (plural mabúku class 6) book ==== Derived terms ==== == Esperanto == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈbuku/ Rhymes: -uku Syllabification: bu‧ku === Verb === buku imperative of buki == Indonesian == === Pronunciation === (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈbuku/ [ˈbu.ku] Rhymes: -uku Syllabification: bu‧ku === Etymology 1 === From Malay buku, from Dutch boek, from Middle Dutch boec, from Old Dutch buoc, from Proto-Germanic *bōks. The addition of the last syllable -u may be influenced by existing native word in Etymology 2 below. ==== Noun ==== buku (plural buku-buku) book (collection of sheets of paper bound together containing printed or written material) Synonyms: kitab, pustaka ellipsis of buku besar (“ledger”) (accounting, management) account (a registry of pecuniary transactions) Synonym: akun ===== Usage notes ===== Although buku, kitab, and pustaka all translate as book, the latter two have more specialized usages. The word kitab is used commonly for books relating to religion and law. The word pustaka is used commonly in literature. ===== Alternative forms ===== boek (1901–1947) boekoe (1901–1947) ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Descendants ===== → Balinese: buku → Sundanese: buku ==== See also ==== perpustakaan === Etymology 2 === From Malay buku, from Proto-Malayic *buku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bukuh. Semantic loan from Bilba [Term?]. Doublet of wuku. ==== Noun ==== buku (plural buku-buku) a lumpy joint (of fingers or similar structures) a small block or segment of something (of bamboos or similar structures) Synonyms: butir, ketul (botany) articulation: a joint between two separable parts, as a leaf and a stem Synonyms: artikulasi, nodus, ruas node: Synonyms: nodus, ruas knot, knob, protuberance or swelling (anatomy) a small mass of tissue that can be a knot, knob, or swelling (anatomy) ellipsis of buku tangan (“knuckle”) Synonym: ruas sendi (Rote Bilba dialect) bone protrusion, bone spur ===== Alternative forms ===== boekoe (1901–1947) bukuh ===== Derived terms ===== === Further reading === “buku”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016 == Japanese == === Romanization === buku Rōmaji transcription of ぶく == Javanese == === Romanization === buku romanization of ꦧꦸꦏꦸ == Lingala == === Etymology === Borrowed from English book. === Noun === buku book == Lower Sorbian == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈbuku] === Noun === buku locative singular of buk == Ma'di == === Alternative forms === búgũ === Etymology === Borrowed from English book. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [bʊ́kʊ̀] Hyphenation: bu‧ku === Noun === búkũ book === References === Mairi Blackings; Nigel Fabb (2003), A Grammar of Ma'di, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 513 == Makasar == === Etymology === From Proto-South Sulawesi *buku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buku (“joint”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈbuku/, [ˈɓu.kʰu] Hyphenation: bu‧ku === Noun === buku (Lontara spelling ᨅᨘᨀᨘ or 𑻤𑻴𑻠𑻴, definite bukua) (anatomy) bone Buku na rokoʼ kuliʼ ― Bones wrapped in skin (idiomatic: skin and bones). fish bone; fishbone Synonym: buku jukuʼ pit; stone (of a fruit, specifically a mango) knot in wood; gnarl Synonym: buku kayu (figurative) labor power; physical strength; a worker Keremi taua bukunna? ― Where is his labor power? (idiomatic: why are you not paying him his wages?) Annganre buku ― To eat someone's bones (idiomatic: to exploit someone's labor without paying them). Ia angkanrei assinna, inakke angkanrei bukunna ― He eats the meat, I eat the bones (idiomatic: he takes the profit of the work, while I get nothing). ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === Cense, A. A. (1979), Makassaars-Nederlands woordenboek [Makasar-Dutch dictionary], 's-Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN == Malay == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈbuku/ [ˈbu.ku] Rhymes: -uku, -ku, -u Hyphenation: bu‧ku === Etymology 1 === From Proto-Malayic *buku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bukuh. ==== Noun ==== buku (Jawi spelling بوکو, plural buku-buku or buku2) a lumpy joint (of fingers or similar structures) Synonyms: ruas, sendi nodes of bamboo segments between culms knot of wood a small block, lump or cake of something Synonyms: ketul, butir Buku tanah ― Mud block gist of a remark. ===== Derived terms ===== ==== Classifier ==== buku (Jawi spelling بوکو, singular sebuku) classifier for blocky, lumpy things or things akin to blocks Sebuku roti ― A loaf of bread === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from Malayo-Portuguese Creole buku (whence Tugunese or Kristang buku), from Dutch boek, from Proto-West Germanic *bōk, from Proto-Germanic *bōks; the addition of the final vowel -u points to the Portuguese creole being the direct source, as that is a common phonological strategy of the language. ==== Noun ==== buku (Jawi spelling بوکو, plural buku-buku or buku2) book (collection of sheets of paper bound together containing printed or written material) Synonyms: kitab, pustaka For quotations using this term, see Citations:buku. ===== Usage notes ===== Although buku, kitab, and pustaka all translate as book, the latter two have more specialized usages. The word kitab is used commonly for ones relating to academia including grammar (e.g. Raja Ali Haji's Kitab Pengetahuan Bahasa), religion (like the Bible, Torah, or the Bhagavad Gita) and law. The word pustaka is used commonly in literature. ===== Descendants ===== > Indonesian: buku (inherited) === References === === Further reading === "buku" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017 Pijnappel, Jan (1875), “بوکو boekoe”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 65 Wilkinson, Richard James (1901), “بوکو buku”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 131 Wilkinson, Richard James (1932), “buku”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 161 “buku”, in Kamus Etimologi Bahasa Melayu Dewan [The Institute Etymological Dictionary of the Malay Language] (in Malay), 1st edition, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2024, →ISBN, page 143 == Mansaka == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /bə.kəʔ/ Hyphenation: bu‧ku === Adverb === buku not; no == Nalca == === Etymology === From Indonesian buku, from Malay buku, from Dutch boek, from Middle Dutch boec, from Old Dutch buok, from Proto-Germanic *bōks. === Noun === buku book (collection of sheets of paper bound together containing printed or written material) == Oroqen == === Adjective === buku strong == Polish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈbu.ku/ Rhymes: -uku Syllabification: bu‧ku === Noun === buku genitive/locative/vocative singular of buk == Rawa == === Noun === buku book === References === Norma Toland, Donald Toland, Reference Grammar of the Karo/Rawa Language (1991) == Serbo-Croatian == === Noun === buku (Cyrillic spelling буку) dative/locative singular of buk === Noun === buku (Cyrillic spelling буку) accusative singular of buka == Slovak == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /buku/, [ˈbuku] Rhymes: -uku Hyphenation: bu‧ku === Noun === buku dative/locative singular of buk == Sranan Tongo == === Etymology 1 === From English book or Dutch boek. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /ˈbuku/ ==== Noun ==== buku book ===== Derived terms ===== === Etymology 2 === Possibly from Kongo buuku (“mushroom”) ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /buˈku/ ==== Noun ==== buku fungus, mould === References === == Swahili == === Pronunciation === (Unguja standard) IPA(key): /ˈɓu.ku/ === Etymology 1 === Borrowed from English book. ==== Noun ==== buku class V (plural mabuku class VI) book Synonym: kitabu === Etymology 2 === (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) ==== Noun ==== buku class V (plural mabuku class VI) rat (big) === Etymology 3 === (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) ==== Noun ==== buku class ? (plural [please provide]) (Tanzania, slang) one thousand shilling == Ternate == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈbu.ku/ === Noun === buku a hill === References === Rika Hayami-Allen (2001), A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh == Volapük == === Noun === buku predicative singular of buk == Wolio == === Etymology === From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buku (“joint”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ɓuku/ === Noun === buku bone === References === Anceaux, Johannes C. (1987), Wolio Dictionary (Wolio-English-Indonesian) / Kamus Bahasa Wolio (Wolio-Inggeris-Indonesia), Dordrecht: Foris