brunir

== French == === Etymology === Inherited from Middle French brunir, from Old French brunir (“to polish, make brown”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /bʁy.niʁ/ === Verb === brunir to brown (to become brown) to burnish (to polish gold or silver etc) ==== Conjugation ==== This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-. === Further reading === “brunir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012 == Old French == === Alternative forms === burnir === Etymology === Borrowed from Frankish *brūnijan (“to polish, make resplendent”), from Proto-Germanic *brūnijaną (“to decorate, tan”), from Proto-Germanic *brūnaz (“brown”). === Verb === brunir to polish (of metal, to clean and make shiny) ==== Conjugation ==== This verb conjugates as a second-group verb (ending in -ir, with an -iss- infix). Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide. ==== Descendants ==== → Italian: brunire Middle French: brunir French: brunir → Middle English: burnysshen, burnischen English: burnish === References === Frédéric Godefroy (1880–1902), “brunir”, in Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle […], Paris: F[riedrich] Vieweg; Émile Bouillon, →OCLC. == Old Occitan == === Etymology === Borrowed from Frankish *brūnijan. === Verb === brunir to burnish ==== Descendants ==== === References === == Portuguese == === Etymology === From Old Galician-Portuguese bronir, from Old Occitan brunir, from Frankish *brūnijan (“to polish, make resplendent”), from Proto-Germanic *brūnijaną (“to decorate, tan”), from *brūnaz (“brown”). === Pronunciation === Hyphenation: bru‧nir === Verb === brunir (first-person singular present bruno, first-person singular preterite bruni, past participle brunido) to burnish Synonym: polir to smooth Synonym: alisar (Portugal) to iron (to unwrinkle clothes with an iron) Synonyms: engomar, passar ==== Conjugation ==== === Further reading === “brunir”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026 “brunir”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026