bruma

== French == === Verb === bruma third-person singular past historic of brumer === Anagrams === rumba == Icelandic == === Etymology === From brum n (“bud”) +‎ -a (denominal suffix). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈprʏːma/ Rhymes: -ʏːma === Verb === bruma (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative brumaði, supine brumað) (intransitive, botany) to bud ==== Conjugation ==== == Italian == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈbru.ma/ Rhymes: -uma Hyphenation: brù‧ma === Etymology 1 === Borrowed from Latin brūma. ==== Noun ==== bruma f (plural brume) mist, haze ===== Related terms ===== brumale brumaio === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from Ancient Greek βρῶμα (brôma). Cf. Spanish broma. ==== Noun ==== bruma f (plural brume) shipworm === Further reading === bruma1 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana bruma2 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana === Anagrams === rumba, umbra == Latin == === Etymology === Doublet of brevissima (“shortest”), superlative form of brevis (“short”), without reformation of the superlative ending; parallel e.g. to extrēmus (see -issimus for more). The winter solstice is the shortest day of the year. === Pronunciation === (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈbruː.ma] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈbruː.ma] === Noun === brūma f (genitive brūmae); first declension the winter solstice (by extension) winter, winter cold ==== Declension ==== First-declension noun. ==== Derived terms ==== brūmālis brūmāria brūmōsus (Late Latin) ==== Descendants ==== Eastern Romance: Aromanian: brumã Romanian: brumă Old Occitan: bruma Catalan: broma Occitan: bruma Old Galician-Portuguese: Portuguese: bruma Old Spanish: Spanish: bruma → Albanian: brymë → Old French: brume French: brume→ English: brume ⇒ Vulgar Latin: brūmārius (“November”) Eastern Romance: Aromanian: brumar Romanian: brumar Old French: French: Brumaire Rhaeto-Romance: Friulian: brumâr → Albanian: brymës === References === De Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 76 “bruma”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press “bruma”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers "bruma", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887) “bruma”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette. == Occitan == === Etymology === From Old Occitan bruma, from Latin bruma (“winter solstice, winter”). Cognate with French brume. === Pronunciation === === Noun === bruma f (plural brumas) (Gascony, Languedoc, Limousin, Vivaro-alpine) fog ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Dialectal variants ==== broma (Gascon) ==== Synonyms ==== nèbla (Languedoc, Provençal) tuba (Languedoc) braulhard (Limousin) fum (Limousin, Languedoc) == Portuguese == === Etymology === From Old Galician-Portuguese bruma, from Latin brūma. === Pronunciation === Hyphenation: bru‧ma === Noun === bruma f (plural brumas) mist (water or other liquid finely suspended in air) Synonyms: cerração, nevoeiro, névoa, neblina ==== Related terms ==== === Further reading === “bruma”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026 “bruma”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026 == Romanian == === Etymology === From brumă +‎ -a. === Verb === a bruma (third-person singular present brumează, past participle brumat) 1st conjugation (impersonal) to have frost form to form frost, become covered in hoarfrost, rime ==== Conjugation ==== == Spanish == === Etymology === Inherited from Latin brūma. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈbɾuma/ [ˈbɾu.ma] Rhymes: -uma Syllabification: bru‧ma === Noun === bruma f (plural brumas) haze, especially costal fog or haar (archaic) winter Synonym: invierno ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === “bruma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025