brennen

== German == === Etymology === From Middle High German brennen, a merger of Old High German brennan (from Proto-West Germanic *brannijan), and Old High German brinnan (from *brinnan). Cognate with Bavarian brenna, Dutch branden, Swedish brinna, Icelandic brenna, Old English birnan, and therefore English burn. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈbʁɛnən/ Hyphenation: bren‧nen === Verb === brennen (irregular weak, third-person singular present brennt, past tense brannte, past participle gebrannt, past subjunctive brennte, auxiliary haben) (intransitive) to burn; to light on fire Ich beobachtete, wie das Haus brannte. ― I watched the house burn. Es brennt! ― There is a fire! (intransitive) to burn; to be on fire Mein Haus brennt! ― My house is on fire! Trockenes Holz brennt am besten. ― Dry wood burns best. (intransitive) to have a strong affection for; to be affectionate Ich brenne darauf sie zu besuchen! ― I would really like to visit her. (intransitive) to be lit, to be on (of a light or lamp) Das Licht in der Küche brannte noch immer. ― The light in the kitchen was still on. (intransitive) to irritate; to induce pain or another painful sensation; to bite; to sting Die Zwiebeln brennen in meinen Augen! ― The onions sting in my eyes! Dieser Senf brennt wie Teufel auf meiner Zunge! ― This mustard bites my tongue like hell! (intransitive) to smart; to sting (a sore or wound) (transitive) to fire; to bake; to kiln (tiles and pottery) Dachziegel werden im Brennofen gebrannt. ― Tiles are baked in a kiln. Nach drei Tagen kann die Vase gebrannt werden. ― The vase can be fired after three days. Keramikwaren müssen gebrannt werden, bevor sie genutzt werden können. ― Pottery needs to be fired before one can use it. (transitive) to distil (alcoholic beverages such as schnapps) Synonym: destillieren (transitive, computing) to burn; to archive data on a storage medium. (such as CDs, DVDs, etc.) Kannst du mir 'Das weiße Album' von den Beatles brennen? ― Can you burn 'The White Album' from The Beatles for me? (intransitive, figuratively) to emit heat Die Sonne brannte auf sie herab. ― The sun was shining upon them with great heat. to roast to bream (clean a ship etc. by fire and scraping) (Austria, informal) to fork out, to shell out Synonyms: bezahlen, blechen, berappen, löhnen, pecken, zahlen ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== === Further reading === “brennen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache “brennen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon “brennen” in Duden online “brennen” in OpenThesaurus.de Friedrich Kluge (1883), “brennen”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891 == Luxembourgish == === Etymology === From Middle High German brinnen, from Old High German brinnan, from Proto-West Germanic *brinnan. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈbʀænen/, [ˈbʀænən] Rhymes: -ænən === Verb === brennen (third-person singular present brennt, past participle gebrannt, auxiliary verb hunn) (transitive) to burn, to set alight (intransitive) to burn, to be on fire (intransitive) to smart, to sting (transitive) to distil (spirits) (transitive) to brand (an animal) (transitive, computing) to burn (a disk) ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Derived terms ==== abrennen ausbrennen ubrennen verbrennen == Middle English == === Alternative forms === bren, brenne brin, brine, brynne (especially Northern) berne, bernen, birne, byrne (uncommon or early) bearne, beornen (early), bærnen (Laȝamon), bærnenn, brennenn (Ormulum) === Etymology === Originally three distinct verbs: Old English biernan, from Proto-West Germanic *brinnan, from Proto-Germanic *brinnaną (“to burn”). Old English bærnan, from Proto-West Germanic *brannijan, from Proto-Germanic *brannijaną (“to cause to burn”). Old Norse brenna, brinna, cognate with bærnan; forms derived from this source are usual after early Middle English. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈbrɛnən/, (especially Northern) /ˈbrinən/ IPA(key): /ˈbɛrnən/, /ˈbɛːrnən/, /ˈbeːrnən/ (less common) === Verb === brennen (third-person singular simple present brenneth, present participle brennynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative brente, past participle brent) (intransitive) To burn; to undergo combustion. (Can we find and add a quotation of Piers Plowman to this entry?) (ambitransitive) To burn; to set on fire: To burn a sacrifice or offering. To torture or kill with fire. To raze or destroy by fire. (ambitransitive) To apply fire to: To injure with fire; to cause a burn. To toast or roast; to mark with fire in cooking. To calcine; to heat to refine or dry. (intransitive) To resemble or behave like fire: To be hot or burning. To be bright or shiny. To be emotionally fervent. (transitive) To act like fire; to metaphorically "burn": To emotionally actuate or impel. (medicine, pathology) To corrode or inflame. ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Descendants ==== English: burn → Middle Scots: burn Scots: burn Middle Scots: bryn, byrn Scots: bren, brenn, brend ==== References ==== “brennen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007. == Old Dutch == === Etymology === From Proto-West Germanic *brannijan. === Verb === brennen to burn ==== Inflection ==== ==== Derived terms ==== farbrennen anabrennen ==== Descendants ==== Middle Dutch: bernen, barnenDutch: barnenLimburgish: borre⇒ Middle Dutch: branden (backformation)Dutch: brandenLimburgish: branje, brenje ==== Further reading ==== “brennen”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012 == Old High German == === Etymology === From Proto-West Germanic *brannijan, from Proto-Germanic *brannijaną. Cognate with Old English bærnan, Old Saxon brinnan, Old Norse brenna. === Verb === brennen (transitive) to burn ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Descendants ==== Middle High German: brennen Bavarian: brenna German: brennen Luxembourgish: brennen Yiddish: ברענען (brenen)