brać

== Old Polish == === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bьrati. First attested in 1392. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /brat͡ɕʲ/ IPA(key): (15th CE) /brat͡ɕʲ/ === Verb === brać impf (attested in Lesser Poland) to take (to grab with the hands) (attested in Lesser Poland) to gather (attested in Greater Poland) to take furtively, to skim off, to pilfer (attested in Masovia) to extract (attested in Kuyavia) to pass long [with na (+ accusative) ‘to whom’] (attested in Greater Poland) to pass responsibility [with na (+ accusative) or ku (+ dative) ‘what reponsibility’] to conclude; to infer (transitive, attested in Greater Poland, Masovia) to charge [with od (+ genitive) or u (+ genitive) or z (+ genitive) ‘whom’, along with za (+ accusative) or genitive ‘for what’] (attested in Greater Poland) to take, to occupy (to deprive of ownership) (attested in Greater Poland) to occupy (attested in) to confiscate (attested in Greater Poland, Masovia) to choose (reflexive with się, attested in Greater Poland) to leave, to go (reflexive with się, law) to appeal to a higher court (reflexive with się) to get prepared (reflexive with się, attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca) to personate (reflexive with się) to resist ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== Polish: brać Silesian: brać === References === Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “brać”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965), “brać”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego Mańczak, Witold (2017), “brać”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “brać”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish) B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “brać”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN == Polish == === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Old Polish brać. Cognate with English bear. ==== Pronunciation ==== Rhymes: -at͡ɕ Syllabification: brać ==== Verb ==== brać impf (perfective wziąć) (transitive) to take (to grab with the hands) [with instrumental ‘with what’ and za (+ accusative) ‘by what part’] (transitive) to take (grabbing with one's hands, to place somewhere) (transitive) to take in (to agree to take care of) (transitive) to take (to allow to join) (transitive) to take (to ensure that one has something with them when they depart) (transitive) to take, to charge (to ask for or demand a certain amount of money for something) [with za (+ accusative) ‘for what’] (transitive) to take (to have temporarily, e.g. a room at a hotel) (transitive) to take (to hire a particular person for a job or task) (transitive) to take; to get (to gain from a particular source, e.g. a resource) brać pomysł ― to get an idea (transitive) to take, to take away (to deprive of) [with dative ‘from whom’] Synonym: zabrać (transitive) to take (to force someone to go somewhere, e.g. to the police) (transitive) to take (to ingest e.g. medicine) (transitive) to take (to conquer, to gain e.g. a city) (transitive, vulgar, of men) to take (to have sexual relations with a woman) Synonyms: see Thesaurus:uprawiać seks (transitive, colloquial) to take (to pass on the road while driving) Synonym: wyprzedzać (transitive) to take (to consider someone or something to be something, especially unfairly) [with za (+ accusative) ‘for what’] (transitive) to get someone to do something (to convince someone to taking a particular action) [with na (+ accusative) ‘to what’] (transitive) to take; to get (as a light verb, to be the performer or subject of an action) brać prysznic ― to take a shower brać masaż ― to get a massage brać ślub ― to get married (transitive, of emotions, diseases, etc.) to take (to appear in someone's body or psyche) (transitive, fishing) to bite; to take (to attach to a hook on a rod; to be caught) [with na (+ accusative) ‘with what bait’] (transitive) to take on (to accept a position or function) (transitive) to take (to defeat someone or something) (transitive) to put on (to begin wearing some article of clothing) [with w (+ accusative) ‘what clothing’] (transitive, colloquial) to take (to interest, to grab someone's attention) (intransitive, of weather) to build up (transitive) to get (to understand somehow) (transitive) to take (to get hit) Synonym: dostawać (transitive) to take after, to get from (to inherit some traits) (transitive) to take, to choose, to select Synonym: wybrać (reflexive with się) to take oneself (to grab oneself by something) [with pod (+ accusative) or za (+ accusative) ‘by what’] (reflexive with się) to take each other (to grab each other by something) [with pod (+ accusative) or w (+ accusative) or za (+ accusative) ‘by what’] (reflexive with się) to get to (to begin to do some activity) [with do (+ genitive) or (proscribed) za (+ accusative) ‘to what’] brać się do roboty ― to get to work (reflexive with się) to be convinced (to allow oneself to be convinced to doing something) [with na (+ accusative) ‘to what’] (reflexive with się, colloquial) to take on (to begin to deal intensively with matters related to a specific person) [with za (+ accusative) ‘whom’] (reflexive with się, colloquial) to come from (to have a source from) (reflexive with się, obsolete) to be deceived Synonym: nabrać się (reflexive with się, obsolete) to get to (to arrive, to go to) Synonym: udawać się ===== Conjugation ===== ==== Verb ==== brać impf (perfective wziąć) (intransitive, impersonal, colloquial) to get the urge, to get a hankering (to feel a strong need or want to do something to the point where one cannot help themself) [with accusative ‘subject’ and na (+ accusative) ‘for what’] ===== Conjugation ===== ===== Derived terms ===== ==== Trivia ==== According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), brać is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 25 times in scientific texts, 38 times in news, 26 times in essays, 32 times in fiction, and 42 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 162 times, making it the 355th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words. === Etymology 2 === Back-formation from bracia. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /ˈbrat͡ɕ/ Rhymes: -at͡ɕ Syllabification: brać ==== Noun ==== brać f (collective, dated) company; band (group of people associating with each other) ===== Declension ===== === References === === Further reading === brać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN brać in Polish dictionaries at PWN Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “brać”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish] Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “brać się”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish] “BRAĆ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 23 March 2023 “BRAĆ%20SIĘ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 02.09.2010 Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “brać”, in Słownik języka polskiego Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “brać”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861 J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “brać”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 198 brać in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego == Silesian == === Etymology === Inherited from Old Polish brać. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈbrat͡ɕ/ Rhymes: -at͡ɕ Syllabification: brać === Verb === brać impf (perfective wziōńś or weznyć) (transitive) to take (reflexive with sie) to get to (to begin to do some activity) ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Related terms ==== === Further reading === brac in dykcjonorz.eu brać in silling.org brać_sie in silling.org