boulevard

== English == === Etymology === Borrowed from French boulevard, from Middle French boulevard, bollevart, boulevars, bolevers, bollewerc (“rampart”), from Middle High German bolewerc, bolwerc (modern German Bollwerk) or Middle Dutch bolwerk (“bulwark, bastion”). Doublet of bulwark; more at bole, work. === Pronunciation === (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈbuː.ləˌvɑːd/ (US, Canada) IPA(key): /ˈbʊləvɑɹd/ === Noun === boulevard (plural boulevards) A broad, well-paved and landscaped thoroughfare. The landscaping on the sides of a boulevard or other thoroughfare. A strip of land between a street and sidewalk. (Upper Midwestern US) The grassy area in the middle of some streets; a refuge island. ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== boulevardier bulwark (doublet) ==== Translations ==== == Danish == === Etymology === Borrowed from French boulevard, borrowed from Middle Dutch bolwerk (“bulwark, bastion”). Doublet of bolværk. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [b̥uləˈʋɑˀd̥] === Noun === boulevard c (singular definite boulevarden, plural indefinite boulevarder) boulevard ==== Declension ==== === References === “boulevard” in Den Danske Ordbog == Dutch == === Etymology === Borrowed from French boulevard, from Middle French bolevard, from Middle Dutch bolwerc (modern Dutch bolwerk). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˌbu.ləˈvaːr/ Hyphenation: bou‧le‧vard === Noun === boulevard m (plural boulevards, diminutive boulevardje n) boulevard ==== Derived terms ==== meubelboulevard woonboulevard ==== Descendants ==== → Indonesian: bulevar == French == === Etymology === Inherited from Middle French boulevard, bollevart, boulevars, bolevers, bollewerc (“rampart”), from Middle High German bolewerc, bolwerc (modern German Bollwerk) or Middle Dutch bolwerk (“bulwark, bastion”). The use for a road is due to the fact that boulevards (e.g. in Paris) were built on the sites of razed bulwarks. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /bul.vaʁ/ === Noun === boulevard m (plural boulevards) bulwark, rampart boulevard, avenue causeway ==== Derived terms ==== (abbreviation): (Europe): bd, Bd, bld, brd, bvd; (Québec): boul., boul ==== Descendants ==== → Russian: бульвар (bulʹvar)→ Georgian: ბულვარი (bulvari) → Spanish: bulevar → Turkish: bulvar === References === James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Boulevard”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC. === Further reading === “boulevard”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012 == Italian == === Etymology === Unadapted borrowing from French boulevard. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /bu.leˈvar/, (careful style) /bulˈvar/ Rhymes: -ar === Noun === boulevard m boulevard (archaic) embankment === References === == Norman == === Etymology === From Old French bollevart (“promenade, avenue, rampart”), from German Bollwerk or Middle Dutch. === Noun === boulevard m (plural boulevards) (Jersey) bulwark == Spanish == === Etymology === Unadapted borrowing from French boulevard. Doublet of baluarte. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /bulˈbaɾ/ [bulˈβ̞aɾ] Rhymes: -aɾ IPA(key): /bouleˈbaɾd/ [bou̯.leˈβ̞aɾð̞] Rhymes: -aɾd Syllabification: boule‧vard === Noun === boulevard m (plural boulevards) alternative form of bulevar ==== Usage notes ==== According to Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed. === Further reading === “boulevard”, in Diccionario de americanismos [Dictionary of Americanisms] (in Spanish), Association of Academies of the Spanish Language [Spanish: Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española], 2010 “boulevard”, in Diccionario panhispánico de dudas [Panhispanic Dictionary of Doubts] (in Spanish), 2nd edition, Royal Spanish Academy; Association of Academies of the Spanish Language, 2023, →ISBN Manuel Seco; Olimpia Andrés; Gabino Ramos (3 August 2023), “boulevard”, in Diccionario del español actual [Dictionary of Current Spanish] (in Spanish), third digital edition, Fundación BBVA [BBVA Foundation] == Swedish == === Alternative forms === bulevard (obsolete spelling) === Etymology === Borrowed from French boulevard. Doublet of bålverk. === Noun === boulevard c a boulevard (long, wide (tree-lined) street, especially in Paris) ==== Declension ==== === References === boulevard in Svensk ordbok (SO) boulevard in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL) bulevard in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)