both

== English == === Alternative forms === bothe (obsolete) === Etymology === From Middle English bothe, boþe, from Old English bā þā (“both the; both those”) and possibly reinforced by Old Norse báðir, from Proto-Germanic *bai. Cognate with Saterland Frisian bee (“both”), West Frisian beide (“both”), Dutch beide (“both”), German beide (“both”), Swedish både, båda, Danish både, Norwegian både, Icelandic báðir. Replaced Middle English bō, from Old English bā, a form of Old English bēġen. A remnant of the Indo-European dual grammatical number. === Pronunciation === enPR: bōth, IPA(key): /bəʊθ/ (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): [bəʊθ] (General American) IPA(key): [boʊθ] (Philadelphia, Baltimore, Midland US, Southern US) IPA(key): [bɜʊ̯θ] (General Australian, New Zealand) IPA(key): [bɐʉθ] (Canada) IPA(key): [boːθ] (Scotland) IPA(key): [boθ] (nonstandard US) enPR: bōlth, IPA(key): /boʊlθ/, /bolθ/, [boʊɫθ], [boːɫθ] Rhymes: -əʊθ === Determiner === both Each of the two; one and the other; referring to two individuals or items. ==== Usage notes ==== This word does not come between a possessive and its head noun. Say both (of) my hands, not *my both hands. Say, both (of) the king's horses, not *the king's both horses. ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Translations ==== === Pronoun === both Each of the two, or of the two kinds. ==== Usage notes ==== "The both" is a colloquial and regional construction [since 1843] that imparts a sense of togetherness between the two people/things being mentioned. "I saw both of them." can mean the two people/things were seen separately, whereas "I saw the both of them." generally implies both were seen together. === Conjunction === both Including both of (used with and). I (can) both sing and dance. Both you and I are students. For more quotations using this term, see Citations:both. (obsolete) Including all of (used with and). ==== Translations ==== === See also === === References === === Anagrams === OTH-B == Cornish == === Etymology === === Noun === both f (plural bothow) hump hub stud (on sports shoes) boss (on a roof) ==== Derived terms ==== === Verb === both inflection of botha: third-person singular present indicative/future indicative second-person singular imperative === Mutation === === References === “both” in Cornish Dictionary / Gerlyver Kernewek, Akademi Kernewek. == Irish == === Etymology === From Old Irish both (“hut, cabin”), from Proto-Celtic *butā (compare Middle Welsh bot (“dwelling”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to be”). Related to English booth. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /bˠoh/ === Noun === both f (genitive singular botha, nominative plural bothanna or botha) booth, hut ==== Declension ==== Alternative declension ==== Derived terms ==== === Mutation === === References === === Further reading === Dinneen, Patrick S. (1927), “boṫ”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla [Irish and English Dictionary], 2nd edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 112; reprinted with additions 1996, →ISBN Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “both”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla [Irish–English Dictionary], Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN “both”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2026 == Lower Tanana == === Stem === both Verbal stem occurring in the following root, aspect, and mode combinations: == Middle English == === Etymology 1 === ==== Noun ==== both (Late Middle English) alternative form of bothe (“booth”) === Etymology 2 === ==== Determiner ==== both alternative form of bothe (“both”) ==== Pronoun ==== both alternative form of bothe (“both”) ==== Conjunction ==== both alternative form of bothe (“both”) == Old Irish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈboθ/ === Noun === both f alternative form of buith ==== Inflection ==== === Verb === ·both preterite passive conjunct of at·tá == Welsh == === Etymology === Probably ultimately from Proto-Celtic *buzdos (“tail, penis”) perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷosdʰos (“piece of wood”) (compare Proto-Slavic *gvozdь (“nail, tack, peg”)). Cognates include Cornish both (“hump, stud”), Breton bod (“bush, shrub”), Irish bod (“penis”), Manx bod (“penis”) and Manx bwoid (“penis”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /boːθ/ Rhymes: -oːθ === Noun === both f (plural bothau) (transport) hub of a wheel, nave Synonyms: bogail, bŵl === Mutation === === References === R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “both”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies