blat

== English == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /blæt/ Rhymes: -æt === Etymology 1 === Imitative. First attested in 1846 in the intransitive sense of "bleat". Compare English bleat, Old English blǣtan (“to bleat”). ==== Verb ==== blat (third-person singular simple present blats, present participle blatting, simple past and past participle blatted) (intransitive) To cry, as a calf or sheep; bleat. (intransitive) To make a senseless noise. To talk inconsiderately; blab. To produce an overrich or overblown sound on a brass instrument such as a trumpet, trombone, or tuba. (transitive) To utter loudly or foolishly; blurt. ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from Russian блат (blat), from Polish blat (“cover, umbrella”) or Yiddish בלאַט (blat, “leaf, list”). Doublet of blade. ==== Noun ==== blat (uncountable) The Soviet system of connections and social relationships; one's social or business network (in Russian or Soviet society). Synonym: (from Chinese) guanxi 2017, Joseph S. Berliner, "Blat", in David Twichell, The shallow stratigraphy and sand resources offshore of the Mississippi bar, age 326: The distinction between the use of blat for personal enrichment and for smoothing the work of the enterprise was emphasized in the interview testimony. […] The supply agent, for example, often has large quantities of money at his disposal for arranging his blat, much of which he might use for himself but which he devotes instead to making deals of advantage to the enterprise. ===== Translations ===== === Anagrams === Balt, Balt. == Catalan == === Etymology === Inherited from Early Medieval Latin bladum. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈblat] Rhymes: -at === Noun === blat m (uncountable) wheat ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === “blat”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007 == Franco-Provençal == === Noun === blat (Forézien) alternative form of blât (“wheat”) === References === Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “*blād”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 15/1: Germanismes: A–Bryman, page 127 == Maltese == === Etymology === From Arabic بَلَاط (balāṭ, “tiles, paved surface”), eventually from Ancient Greek πλατεῖα (plateîa). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /blaːt/ Rhymes: -aːt === Noun === blat m (collective, singulative blata, plural blajjet or blejjet, paucal blatiet) rock (material, a mass or surface of it) == Middle Dutch == === Etymology === From Old Dutch *blat, from Proto-West Germanic *blad, from Proto-Germanic *bladą. === Noun === blat n leaf page (of a book) panel (in a door) tongue, blade any flat surface or object ==== Inflection ==== ==== Descendants ==== Dutch: blad Afrikaans: blad (“page”), blaar (“leaf”) Limburgish: blaad === Further reading === “blat”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000 Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “blat (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I == Middle High German == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (before 13th CE) /ˈblat/ === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Old High German blat. ==== Noun ==== blat n leaf ===== Declension ===== ===== Descendants ===== Alemannic German: Blatt Central Franconian: BlattHunsrik: BlaatLuxembourgish: Blat East Central German: Vilamovian: błot German: Blatt Rhine Franconian: Blaat, Blatt Pennsylvania German: Blatt Yiddish: בלאַט (blat) === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from Old French plat. ==== Adjective ==== blat flat Synonym: vlach ===== Declension ===== ===== Descendants ===== Central Franconian: Hunsrik: platt German: platt === References === Benecke, Georg Friedrich; Müller, Wilhelm; Zarncke, Friedrich (1863), “BLAT, stn”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel Benecke, Georg Friedrich; Müller, Wilhelm; Zarncke, Friedrich (1863), “BLAT adj”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel Köbler, Gerhard (2014), “blat”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition == Occitan == === Etymology === Inherited from Early Medieval Latin bladum. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈblat/ === Noun === blat m (plural blats) wheat == Old English == === Etymology === From Proto-West Germanic *blait, from Proto-Germanic *blaitaz. Cognate with Old High German bleizza (“stain, blue, livor”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /blɑːt/ === Adjective === blāt (comparative blātra, superlative blātast, adverb blāte) pale, livid, ghastly ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== blātian ==== Related terms ==== blātan ==== Descendants ==== Middle English: *blat, *blate, *blot, *blote >? Scots: blate, blait == Old High German == === Etymology === From Proto-West Germanic *blad, from Proto-Germanic *bladą, whence also Old Saxon blad, Old English blæd, Old Norse blað. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰl̥h₃oto-, from *bʰleh₃-. === Noun === blat n (plural bletir) leaf ==== Descendants ==== Middle High German: blatAlemannic German: BlattCentral Franconian: BlattHunsrik: BlaatLuxembourgish: BlatEast Central German:Vilamovian: błotGerman: BlattRhine Franconian: Blaat, BlattPennsylvania German: BlattYiddish: בלאַט (blat) == Polish == === Etymology === Borrowed from German Blatt. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈblat/ Rhymes: -at Syllabification: blat === Noun === blat m inan (diminutive blacik) counter, countertop, tabletop, top (top surface area of a piece of furniture) ==== Declension ==== ==== Collocations ==== === Further reading === blat in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN blat in Polish dictionaries at PWN == Romanian == === Etymology 1 === Borrowed from German Blatt, from Middle High German blat, plat, from Old High German blat, from Proto-West Germanic *blad (“leaf”), from Proto-Germanic *bladą (“leaf”); akin to Low German Blatt, Dutch blad, English blade, Danish and Swedish blad. Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek φύλλον (phúllon), Latin folium. ==== Noun ==== blat n (plural blaturi) (cooking) sheet, layer ===== Declension ===== === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from Russian блат (blat, “cronyism”), from Polish blat (“the flat surface of a table”) or Yiddish בלאַט (blat), from German Blatt, from Middle High German blat, plat, from Old High German blat, from Proto-West Germanic *blad (“leaf”), from Proto-Germanic *bladą (“leaf”). ==== Noun ==== blat n (plural blaturi) (slang) illegal activity, particularly travelling on a train without a ticket. (soccer) match fixing ===== Declension ===== ===== Derived terms ===== blatist blătui