beatnik

== English == === Etymology === Coined by American columnist Herb Caen in 1958. From beat (generation) +‎ -nik (“person who exemplifies or endorses something”). Compare jazznik. The suffix, a cutesy or ironic use of the Russian suffix -ник (-nik), experienced a surge of use in English coinages for nicknames and diminutives after the 1957 Soviet launch of the Sputnik satellite. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈbiːtnɪk/ === Noun === beatnik (plural beatniks or (rare) beatniki) A person who dresses in a manner that is not socially acceptable and is supposed to reject conventional norms of thought and behavior; nonconformist in dress and behavior. A person associated with the Beat Generation of the 1950s and 1960s or its style. Synonym: beat ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Translations ==== ==== See also ==== Baghdad by the Bay (also coined by Herb Caen) fringie hepcat hippie, hippy ==== References ==== == Finnish == === Etymology === From English beatnik. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈbiːtnik/, [ˈbiːt̪n̪ik] IPA(key): /ˈbiːtnikːi/, [ˈbiːt̪n̪ikːi] Rhymes: -iːtnik === Noun === beatnik beatnik ==== Usage notes ==== Partitive plural is commonly spelled with double-k as beatnikkejä, which may be considered erroneous. ==== Declension ==== == French == === Etymology === Borrowed from English beatnik. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /bit.nik/ === Noun === beatnik m or f by sense (plural beatniks) beatnik === Further reading === “beatnik”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012 == Polish == === Etymology === Unadapted borrowing from English beatnik. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈbit.ɲik/ Rhymes: -itɲik Syllabification: beat‧nik === Noun === beatnik m pers (historical) alternative spelling of bitnik ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === beatnik in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN beatnik in Polish dictionaries at PWN == Portuguese == === Etymology === Unadapted borrowing from English beatnik. === Noun === beatnik m or f by sense (plural beatniks) beatnik (person associated with the Beat Generation of the 1950s and 1960s) === Further reading === “beatnik”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026 “beatnik”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026