barrel

== English == === Alternative forms === barrell (obsolete) === Etymology === From Middle English barel, from Anglo-Norman baril, Old French baril, bareil (“barrel”), of uncertain origin. An attempt to link baril to Old French barre (“bar, bolt”) (compare Medieval Latin barra (“bar, rod”)) via assumed Vulgar Latin *barrīculum meets the phonological requirement, but fails to connect the word semantically. The alternative connection to Frankish *baril, *beril or Gothic *𐌱𐌴𐍂𐌹𐌻𐍃 (*bērils, “container for transport”), from Proto-Germanic *barilaz, *bērilaz (“barrel, jug, container”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to carry, transport”), is more plausible as it connects not only the form of the word but also the sense; equivalent to bear +‎ -le. Compare also Old High German biril (“jug, large pot”), Luxembourgish Bärel, Bierel (“jug, pot”), Old Norse berill (“barrel for liquids”), Old English byrla (“barrel of a horse, trunk, body”). More at bear. === Pronunciation === (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈbæɹ(ə)l/, [ˈbæɹəɫ] (General American) IPA(key): /ˈbæɹəl/, [ˈbæɹəɫ], /ˈbɛɚəl/, /ˈbɛɹəl/, [ˈbɛɚəɫ] (General Australian) IPA(key): /ˈbæɹəɫ/ Hyphenation: bar‧rel Rhymes: -æɹəl === Noun === barrel (plural barrels) (countable) A round (cylindrical) vessel, such as a cask, of greater length than breadth, and bulging in the middle, made of staves bound with hoops, and having flat ends (heads). The word is sometimes applied to a similar cylindrical container made of metal, usually called a drum. Synonym: bbl Coordinate term: drum Near-synonym: cask a cracker barrel Such a cask of a certain size, holding one-eighth of what a tun holds. (See a diagram comparing cask sizes.) Synonym: bbl Hypernym: cask Coordinate terms: (in order of increasing volume) rundlet; tierce; hogshead; puncheon, tertian; pipe, butt; tun The quantity which constitutes a full barrel: the volume or weight this represents varies by local law and custom. A solid drum, or a hollow cylinder or case A metallic tube, as of a gun, from which a projectile is discharged. (automotive) A venturi (in carburetion). Synonyms: bbl, v, V (television) A ceiling-mounted tube from which lights are suspended. (archaic) Any tube. (zoology) The hollow basal part of a feather. (music) The part of a clarinet which connects the mouthpiece and upper joint, and resembles a barrel. (surfing) A wave that breaks with a hollow compartment. (US, specifically New England) A waste receptacle. The ribs and belly of a horse or pony. (obsolete) A jar. (biology) Any of the dark-staining regions in the somatosensory cortex of rodents, etc., where somatosensory inputs from the contralateral side of the body come in from the thalamus. (baseball) A statistic derived from launch angle and exit velocity of a ball hit in play. For quotations using this term, see Citations:barrel. ==== Synonyms ==== (cylindrical container, or cask of a certain size): bbl (abbreviation) ==== Meronyms ==== head (barrelhead) hoop stave (e.g., pipestave) ==== Coordinate terms ==== (round vessel): keg, vat ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Translations ==== === Verb === barrel (third-person singular simple present barrels, present participle (US) barreling or (UK) barrelling, simple past and past participle (US) barreled or (UK) barrelled) (transitive) To put or to pack in a barrel or barrels. (intransitive) To move quickly or in an uncontrolled manner. (intransitive) To assume the shape of a barrel; specifically, of the image on a computer display, television, etc., to exhibit barrel distortion, where the sides bulge outwards. Coordinate term: pincushion (poker slang) To bet consecutively on multiple streets. ==== Translations ==== === See also === cooper == Dutch == === Etymology === Borrowed from English barrel. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈbɑ.rəl/ Rhymes: -ɑrəl === Noun === barrel m (plural barrels, diminutive barreltje n) standard oil barrel (barrel containing roughly 159 litres or 42 US gallons) (informal) jalopy (dilapidated, old or mediocre vehicle; in Dutch also used of bicycles) == French == === Etymology === Borrowed from English. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ba.ʁɛl/ === Noun === barrel m (plural barrels) alternative form of baril