auka

== Icelandic == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈøyːka/ Rhymes: -øyːka === Etymology 1 === From Old Norse auka, from Proto-Germanic *aukaną. Akin to English eke, Danish øge, Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 (aukan), Latin augeō, Latvian augt. ==== Verb ==== auka (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative jók, third-person plural past indicative juku, supine aukið) to increase, to augment [with accusative] ===== Conjugation ===== This verb needs an inflection-table template. ===== Derived terms ===== auka við auka í aukast ===== Related terms ===== auka- === Etymology 2 === ==== Noun ==== auka inflection of auki: indefinite accusative/dative/genitive singular indefinite accusative/genitive plural == Latgalian == === Noun === auka storm == Latvian == === Etymology === From Proto-Baltic *auk-, from Proto-Indo-European stem *ewk-, *owk-, *ūk-, from an onomatopoeic * ew, *ow with an extra k (common in derivations of onomatopoeic words; cf. Russian у (u) “uh!” and the derived verb укать (ukatʹ)). Cognates include Lithuanian áukterti (“to howl”), Old Prussian aukis (“vulture”) (probably from “noisy, screeming bird,” maybe from “storm bird”), Russian аукать (aukatʹ, “to howl”), Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌾𐍉𐌽 (auhjōn, “to make noise”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [āwka] === Noun === auka f (4th declension) gale (strong wind that does not reach the level of a storm; also figuratively) auka plosās ― the gale is raging rudens aukas ― autumn gales cīņu aukas ― the gales of struggle atvairīdams aukas brāzienus, iegaudojas mežs ― the forest is howling, repelling the gale blows ==== Declension ==== === References === == Lithuanian == === Etymology === Per Girdenis, probably from an unattested Proto-Baltic *au̯ikā́ (“sheep”), with syncope of the *-i-, from a diminutive of Proto-Balto-Slavic *áwis (“sheep”), and exact cognate with Proto-Slavic *ovьcà (“sheep”), Sanskrit अविका (avikā́, “ewe”). The word experienced semantic shift from "sheep" > "sacrificial sheep" > "sacrifice". This derivation is favored by Derksen. Older theories consider the word a neologism, derived ultimately from al̃kas (“(holy) grove on a hill; idol”), created by the writer Simonas Daukantas, from a phonetic reinterpretation of the phrase al̃ko kálnas (“sacred hill”) as aũka kálns. Derksen acknowledges the possibility of the derivation from al̃kas; however, he notes that aukà is attested in texts that predate Daukantas, in addition to Girdenis's theory accounting for the fate of the Baltic cognate of Proto-Slavic *ovьcà, which is otherwise unexplained. === Pronunciation === (aukà) IPA(key): /auˑˈka/ === Noun === aukà f (plural aũkos) stress pattern 4 sacrifice offering devotion victim (katastrofos) aukų gedėti - to mourn for victims (of a catastrophe) ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== (Verbs) aukóti === References === == Norwegian Bokmål == === Alternative forms === auket aukte (simple past only) aukt (past participle only) === Verb === auka inflection of auke: simple past past participle == Norwegian Nynorsk == === Alternative forms === auke === Etymology === From Old Norse auka, from Proto-Germanic *aukaną. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /²œʊːka/ === Verb === auka (present tense aukar, past tense auka, past participle auka, passive infinitive aukast, present participle aukande, imperative auka/auk) (transitive) increase (intransitive) increase === References === “auka” in The Nynorsk Dictionary. == Old Norse == === Etymology === From Proto-Germanic *aukaną. Cognate with Latin augēo (“I augment”). === Verb === auka (singular past indicative jók, plural past indicative jóku or juku, past participle aukinn) to augment, increase (poetic) to impregnate Völundarkviða, verse 36, l. 3-4 to add [with dative] to surpass, exceed ==== Conjugation ==== The verb can also take on the weak class 2 conjugation. ==== Descendants ==== Icelandic: auka Faroese: eyka Norwegian Nynorsk: auka → Norwegian Bokmål: auke Old Swedish: ø̄ka Swedish: öka Old Danish: økæ Danish: øge Norwegian Bokmål: øke → Faroese: økja Scanian: øga Old Gutnish: auka Gutnish: aukä === Further reading === Zoëga, Geir T. (1910), “auka”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 26; also available at the Internet Archive == Paipai == === Interjection === auka hello