arddu

== Welsh == === Pronunciation === (North Wales) IPA(key): /ˈarðɨ̞/ (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˈarði/ === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Middle Welsh arðu. Analysable as ar- (“on”) +‎ du (“black”). ==== Noun ==== arddu darkness, murk, gloom Synonyms: tywyllwch, caddug ==== Mutation ==== === Etymology 2 === Back-formation from arddaf (“I (shall) plough”) ==== Verb ==== arddu (first-person singular present arddaf) alternative form of aredig (“to plough”) ==== Mutation ==== === Etymology 3 === ==== Verb ==== arddu soft mutation of garddu (“to squeeze”) ==== Mutation ==== === Etymology 4 === ==== Verb ==== arddu soft mutation of garddu (“to garden”) ==== Mutation ==== === Further reading === D. G. Lewis, N. Lewis, editors (2005–present), “arddu”, in Gweiadur: the Welsh–English Dictionary, Gwerin R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “arddu”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies