antiquus

== Latin == === Etymology === Reflects Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti-h₃kʷ-o-s (literally “facing the front”), from the same roots whence ante (“in front of”) and oculus (“eye”). Compare Sanskrit अन्तिक (antiká, “near, in the vicinity; nearness, proximity”) and Proto-Nuristani *ãtika, which are however derived from *h₂enti-kó-s, with diminutive suffix. Adjective sense 5 could be a calque of Ancient Greek πρέσβυς (présbus). === Pronunciation === (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [anˈtiː.kʊs] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [anˈtiː.kʷus] === Adjective === antīquus (feminine antīqua, neuter antīquum, comparative antīquior, superlative antīquissimus); first/second-declension adjective old, ancient Synonyms: vetus, prīscus, longinquus, vetustus aged Synonyms: prīscus, prīstinus, senex, vetus, vetustus Antonyms: novus, recēns time-honoured, bygone simple, venerable (only superlative or comparative) the most important, valued, dear, precious Synonyms: pretiōsus, cārus, impēnsus, dīves Antonym: vīlis classic, traditional, essential ==== Declension ==== First/second-declension adjective. ==== Related terms ==== ==== Descendant notes ==== Due to the regular sound change /kʷu/ > /ku/, the masculine antīquus was pronounced with /k/ (and indeed often spelled ⟨anticus⟩). The feminine antīqua, on the other hand, retained /kʷ/. In Romance, this /k~kʷ/ alternation persisted in Old French, Old Spanish, and Old Portuguese (see below). In all Romance languages, the alternation was sooner or later leveled by analogy. ==== Descendants ==== === References === Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “antiquus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 24: Refonte A–Aorte, page 660 === Further reading === “antiquus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press “antiquus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers antiquus in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2026), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication "antiquus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887) “antiquus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette. Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.