amphora

== English == === Etymology === From Latin amphora (“large wine vessel, Roman unit of liquid measure”), from Ancient Greek ἀμφορεύς (amphoreús, “two-handled pitcher, Greek units of liquid measure”), ultimately from Mycenaean Greek 𐀀𐀠𐀡𐀩𐀸 (a-pi-po-re-we, “carried on both sides”). === Pronunciation === (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈæm.fə.ɹə/, /æmˈfɔːɹ.ə/ (General American) IPA(key): /ˈæm(p).fɚ.ə/, /æm(p)ˈfoɹ.ə/ Rhymes: -ɔːɹə === Noun === amphora (plural amphoras or amphorae or amphorai) (chiefly historical) A large vessel, especially a thin-necked clay vat used in ancient Greece and Rome for storing and transporting wine and oil. (historical) A Roman unit of liquid measure reckoned as the volume of 80 Roman pounds of wine and equivalent to about 26 L although differing slightly over time. (historical) A Roman unit of ship capacity, similar to tonnage. (botany) A lower valve of a fruit that opens transversely. ==== Synonyms ==== (unit of liquid volume): Roman amphora, quadrantal, amphora quadrantal ==== Coordinate terms ==== (large vessel): bottle, jug, keg, barrel, cask, tun (unit of liquid volume): lingula (1/2304 amphora), cyathus (1/576 amphora), acetabulum (1/384 amphora), quartarius (1/192 amphora), hemina (1/96 amphora), sextarius (1/48 amphora), congius (⅛ amphora), urna (½ amphora), culeus (20 amphoras) ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== amphoric, amphora quadrantal ==== Translations ==== === Anagrams === amorpha == Latin == === Alternative forms === amfora (Late Latin, prescriptive) ampora (Late Latin, proscribed) === Etymology === From Ancient Greek ἀμφορεύς (amphoreús, “two-handled pitcher, units of liquid measure”). As a Roman unit, originally an elision of amphora quadrantal. === Pronunciation === (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈam.pʰɔ.ra] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈam.fo.ra] === Noun === amphora f (genitive amphorae); first declension (chiefly historical) amphora, a large vessel, especially one made of clay with two handles used for storing and transporting wine and oil (historical) amphora, a Roman unit of liquid measure equivalent to about 26 L ==== Usage notes ==== The genitive plural is typically amphorum in contexts of liquid measure. ==== Declension ==== First-declension noun (alternative genitive plural in -um). ==== Synonyms ==== (unit of liquid measure): quadrantal, amphora quadrantal ==== Coordinate terms ==== (unit of liquid volume): lingula (1/2304 amphora), cyathus (1/576 amphora), acetabulum (1/384 amphora), quartarius (1/192 amphora), hemina (1/96 amphora), sextarius (1/48 amphora), congius (⅛ amphora), urna (½ amphora), culeus (20 amphorae) ==== Derived terms ==== amphorālis amphorārius amphoricus ampulla ==== Descendants ==== Catalan: àmfora French: amphore Galician: ánfora Italian: anfora Portuguese: ânfora Spanish: ánfora → English: amphor → German: Amphore →? Proto-West Germanic: *ambrī (see there for further descendants) === References === “amphora”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press “amphora”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers "amphora", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887) “amphora”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette. “amphora”, in The Perseus Project (1999), Perseus Encyclopedia‎[1] “amphora”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers “amphora”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin