aivan

== Finnish == === Etymology === From Proto-Finnic *aivan (an instructive singular, compare ihan), probably borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háywas, or alternatively from Proto-Germanic *aiwaz (“long time”). Cognate with Votic aiva (“always”) and Estonian aiva (“always”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈɑi̯ʋɑn/, [ˈɑ̝i̯ʋɑ̝n] Rhymes: -ɑiʋɑn Syllabification(key): ai‧van Hyphenation(key): ai‧van === Adverb === aivan very, rather, quite Synonyms: ihan, kovin, todella, tosi, sangen aivan lähellä ― very close en aivan yllä ― I can't quite reach it exactly, precisely, just Synonyms: ihan, juuri aivan oikein ― exactly right aivan kuin minä ― just like me completely, totally Synonyms: ihan, täysin, kokonaan aivan väärin ― completely wrong aivan mahdotonta ― totally impossible aivan liian monta ― way too many ==== Usage notes ==== (very): According to a traditional Standard Finnish rule, aivan is practically never used with 'large' adjectives or adverbs, e.g. ×aivan suuri (“large”), ×aivan pitkä (“long”), ×aivan raskas (“heavy”), ×aivan kaukana (“far”), ×aivan paljon (“much, a lot”), ...but 'small' adjectives or adverbs are fine, e.g. aivan pieni (“small”), aivan lyhyt (“short”), aivan kevyt (“light(weight)”), aivan lähellä (“close, nearby”), aivan vähän (“a little”). This tendency is quite strong in modern Finnish, but the rule is nevertheless sometimes broken in Colloquial Finnish. Also, in older texts, both can be found. Furthermore, in negative sentences, both can be found, and the meaning will naturally be "not that", "not very". One way to describe this tendency, as done by the Nykysuomen sanakirja, is that aivan intensifies a feature that "can be taken to an absolute limit". The property of being "small" or "short" can be taken to the absolute limit (that is, zero), but being "large" or "long" cannot. === Interjection === aivan indeed! ==== Usage notes ==== Depending on the tone, this interjection can also convey sudden realization, such as when the stress is on the latter syllable (or both syllables) and when the word is pronounced somewhat slowly. === Further reading === “aivan”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2 July 2023 === Anagrams === aavin, avain, ivaan, ivana, naiva, vaani == Ingrian == === Etymology 1 === From Proto-Finnic *aivan. ==== Pronunciation ==== (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈɑi̯ʋɑn/, [ˈɑi̯ʋən] (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈɑi̯ʋɑn/, [ˈɑi̯ʋɑn] Rhymes: -ɑi̯ʋɑn Hyphenation: ai‧van ==== Adverb ==== aivan completely ===== Synonyms ===== aivon ===== Derived terms ===== === Etymology 2 === See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. ==== Pronunciation ==== (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈɑi̯ʋɑn/, [ˈɑi̯ʋən] (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈɑi̯ʋɑn/, [ˈɑi̯ʋɑn] Rhymes: -ɑi̯ʋɑn Hyphenation: ai‧van ==== Noun ==== aivan genitive singular of aiva === References === Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 7