Neanderthal

== English == === Alternative forms === neanderthal, Neandertal === Etymology === From obsolete German Neanderthal, now spelled Neandertal, the name of a valley (German Tal, older also spelled Thal) near Düsseldorf where the first Neanderthal was discovered in 1856. A hollow near the valley was known as Neanderhöhle (“Neander Hollow”) and Neandershöhle (“Neander’s Hollow”) in the early 19th century, and the valley had been renamed to Neanderthal in 1850, in honour of the German Calvinist theologian and hymn writer Joachim Neander (1650–1680). Before, the valley was known as das Gesteins (literally “The Rocks [sg.]”) and Hundsklipp (literally “Dog Cliff”). The name of Joachim Neander is based on the Ancient Greek translation (νέος (néos) + ᾰ̓νήρ (ănḗr)) of his original surname Neumann (“Newman”). The pronunciation with the "th" sound (/θ/) is a spelling pronunciation; the original German word is pronounced with a "t" sound (/t/). === Pronunciation === (Received Pronunciation) enPR: nē.ănʹdə.täl', IPA(key): /niːˈæn.dəˌtɑːl/, (General American) enPR: nē.ănʹdər.thäl, nē.ănʹdər.täl, IPA(key): /niˈæn.dɚˌθɑl/, /niˈæn.dɚ.θəl/, /niˈæn.dɚˌtɑl/ === Adjective === Neanderthal (not comparable) Of or pertaining to Homo neanderthalensis. (by extension) Old-fashioned, opposed to change. Of or pertaining to the Neander Valley in Germany. ==== Translations ==== === Noun === Neanderthal (plural Neanderthals) A specimen of the now extinct species Homo neanderthalensis. Synonyms: Neandertaler, Neanderthalian (derogatory) A primitive, savage or uncivilized person. ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== → Spanish: neandertal ==== Translations ==== === References === === Further reading === “Neanderthal”, in OneLook Dictionary Search. Neanderthal on Wikipedia.Wikipedia == German == === Pronunciation === === Proper noun === Neanderthal n (proper noun, strong, genitive Neanderthals) obsolete spelling of Neandertal ==== Usage notes ==== The traditional spelling is retained in a few names such as Bahnhof Neanderthal and Neanderthal Museum. ==== Derived terms ==== Neanderthaler Neanderthalerin