Kreisel

== English == === Etymology === Borrowed from German Kreisel. === Proper noun === Kreisel (plural Kreisels) A surname from German. ==== Statistics ==== According to the 2010 United States Census, Kreisel is the 41038th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 531 individuals. Kreisel is most common among White (92.66%) individuals. === Further reading === Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “Kreisel”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 2, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 351. == German == === Alternative forms === Kräusel, Kreusel (in this sense obsolete) === Etymology === From Middle High German kriusel, derived from krūs, whence modern kraus (“frizzy, curly”). Doublet of Kräusel (“frizzle, squiggle”). The sense “spinning top” was borrowed from cognate Middle Low German krü̂sel into East Central German, whence it spread in the written language. The unrounded form Kreisel was later standardised due to association with etymologically unrelated Kreis (“circle”). It may now be reanalysed as Kreis +‎ -el. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈkʁaɪ̯zəl/ === Noun === Kreisel m (strong, genitive Kreisels, plural Kreisel) top, spinning top (toy) (informal) roundabout, traffic circle Synonym: Kreisverkehr ==== Declension ==== ==== Hyponyms ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== === Further reading === “Kreisel”, in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache‎[1] (in German) “Kreisel” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon “Kreisel” in Duden online