-itse

== Finnish == === Etymology === From Proto-Finnic *-ic'ëC, consisting of the suffix *-icci plus an additional consonant. The additional consonant is only found in Finnish; the other Finnic languages have forms deriving from the vowel-final form. Cognate with Estonian -itsi, Karelian -ičči, Veps -iči. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /-itseˣ/, [-its̠e̞(ʔ)] === Suffix === -itse by, through; the suffix of the prolative, determines the channel by which something takes place. ‎meri (“sea”) + ‎-itse → ‎meritse (“by sea”) ‎sähköposti (“email”) + ‎-itse → ‎sähköpostitse (“by email”) ==== Usage notes ==== Although commonly analysed synchronically as -tse added onto the plural stem of the word, in origin the suffix simply began with -i- (like -inen), and no plural stem was involved. Most grammars treat the prolative not as a separate case because it seems not to occur in concorded form (an adjective in PROLATIVE + a noun in PROLATIVE), allegedly only with nouns in this form (e.g. postitse (“by post”); puhelimitse (“by phone”); etc.), except in the following example: Hän hoiti asian pitkitse kirjeitse. ― He took care of the matter with a long letter. The prolative is widely held to be an adverbial case, not a proper case. ==== Derived terms ==== === Anagrams === esti, etsi, seit, ties