-han

== Finnish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /-hɑn/, [-hɑ̝n] === Etymology 1 === From hän, dialectally (mainly in eastern and northern Finnish dialects) used as an emphatic. ==== Particle ==== -han (front vowel harmony variant -hän, linguistic notation -hAn) (enclitic particle) (emphasis) after all, in any case, although Expresses a fact that the speaker either considers obvious, or at the very least known to both the speaker and the addressed, and worth reminding someone of. A particle to express that the speaker is determined about or resistant towards something. Expresses disagreement, particularly in brief exclamations. Synonyms: -pa, -pas With a negation verb form and the enclitic particle -ko/-kö (-kohan/-köhän) to express "I suppose". With -pa/-pä (-pahan/-pähän), expresses a particularly strong convinction that one's statement can be corroborated. (politeness) Softens a question for which the speaker expects the answer to be affirmative, or that has some view on something that the speaker is willing to either confirm or question; attached to verbs, including the negative verb, and the word modified is sometimes repeated at the end of the sentence; used in place of -ko. Used in a question where the speaker expects themselves or the addressed to know the answer to; used in place of -ko. Synonym: -pa A particle appended to an indicative (or more rarely conditional or potential) verb form in order to express the speaker's wish about something As particle used to politely ask someone to do something — i.e., to avoid the imperative. Expresses wondering in questions, usually in combination with -ko / -kö, or used to simply make questions more polite. Expresses that the speaker is suggesting an idea that they just came up with; in this case, the clitic always attaches to the subject that must be the first word in the clause, and is often used with verbs in conditional mood. Softens an imperative verb, causing it to behave more like a suggestion, such as a friendly suggestion or one where the speaker expects the person addressed to do so anyway. A particle appended to a passive or first-person plural imperative verb to express an informal proposal or suggestion. (surprise) A particle to express that the speaker had some (more or less) certain view on something but is surprised after having got to know the truth about it. A particle to express that the speaker had some (more or less) certain view on something but is surprised at the controversial view expressed by some other person. ===== Usage notes ===== As seen above, this particle is used in subjective expressions or opinions, and thus especially in spoken language. It can, depending on the context, have several meanings that, in English, can usually be expressed only by accentuating the words differently or by adding extra words. Note also that this particle is very often attached to either the first or the second word of the clause. In everyday speech, this particle is used quite often even if there were no intention to give some special tone. ===== Synonyms ===== (when surprised at something, softer than -han) -pa / -pä === Etymology 2 === ==== Suffix ==== -han alternative form of -hVn (illative singular) === See also === -kin -kaan -ko -pa -s == Japanese == === Romanization === -han Rōmaji transcription of はん == Tagalog == === Pronunciation === (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /han/ [hɐn̪] Rhymes: -an Syllabification: -han === Suffix === -han (verb-forming suffix, noun-forming suffix, adverb-forming suffix, Baybayin spelling ᜑᜈ᜔) alternative form of -an ==== Usage notes ==== Normally, /h/ is inserted before -an when a root word ending with a vowel is not followed by a glottal stop. In some cases, phoneme change can occur and /h/ becomes /n/. ‎laba + ‎-han → ‎labahan ‎ganti + ‎-han → ‎gantihan ‎talo + ‎-han → ‎talunan Sometimes, the final vowel of the root word disappears when the suffix is added. ‎laba + ‎-han → ‎labhan ‎bili + ‎-han → ‎bilhan ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== ka- -han == Turkish == === Etymology === From han (“khan”). === Suffix === -han forms male given names from other male given names ‎Emir + ‎-han → ‎Emirhan ‎Mete + ‎-han → ‎Metehan ‎Arda + ‎-han → ‎Ardahan === See also ===