-ais

== French == === Pronunciation === (France, Quebec) IPA(key): /ɛ/ (France, Africa) IPA(key): /e/ === Etymology 1 === From Middle French -ois, from conflation of Latin -ēbās and -iēbas — second, third, and fourth conjugation variants of -bās, later generalized to all verbs. ==== Suffix ==== -ais (non-lemma form of verb-forming suffix) forms the first-person and second-person singular imperfect indicative form of a verb ===== Related terms ===== -ait -ions -iez -aient === Etymology 2 === Inherited from Old French -eis (feminine form -esche). In some senses from Late Latin, Vulgar Latin -iscus (from Frankish *-isk, from Proto-Germanic *-iskaz (“-ish”), conflated with Ancient Greek -ισκος (-iskos), all ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-iskos), in others from Latin -ēnsis. Akin to -ois. ==== Suffix ==== -ais (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -aise, masculine plural -ais, feminine plural -aises) forms adjectives that denote where something or someone is from ‎France (“France”) + ‎-ais → ‎français (“French”) ‎Angle(terre) (“England”) + ‎-ais → ‎anglais (“English”) ‎Marseille (“Marseille”) + ‎-ais → ‎marseillais (“from Marseille”) ==== Suffix ==== -ais m (noun-forming suffix, invariable, feminine -aise) forms noun demonyms specifying a person, usually male, from a given location ‎France (“France”) + ‎-ais → ‎Français (“Frenchman, (male) person from France”) ‎Angle(terre) (“England”) + ‎-ais → ‎Anglais (“Englishman, (male) person from England”) ‎Portug(al) (“Portugal”) + ‎-ais → ‎Portugais (“Portuguese male”) ‎Marseille (“Marseille”) + ‎-ais → ‎Marseillais (“(male) person from Marseille”) forms nouns that specify the name of the language spoken in this place ‎France (“France”) + ‎-ais → ‎français (“French”, language) ‎Angle(terre) (“England”) + ‎-ais → ‎anglais (“English”, language) ==== Derived terms ==== == Galician == === Suffix === -ais plural of -al == Irish == === Suffix === -ais inflection of -as: vocative/genitive singular nominative/dative plural == Portuguese == === Pronunciation === (Northeast Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈajʃ/ Rhymes: (Brazil) -ajs, (Portugal, Rio de Janeiro) -ajʃ === Etymology 1 === ==== Alternative forms ==== -aes (pre-reform spelling) ==== Suffix ==== -ais m pl or f pl (non-lemma form of noun-forming suffix or adjective-forming suffix) plural of -al === Etymology 2 === Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese -ades, with the loss of the intervocalic -d-, from Latin -ātis. Cognate with Galician -ades and Spanish -áis. ==== Alternative forms ==== -ades, -aides, -andes (dated, dialectal) -aes (pre-reform spelling) ==== Suffix ==== -ais (non-lemma form of verb-forming suffix) a suffix indicating the second-person plural present indicative of -ar ‎amar (“to love”) + ‎-ais → ‎amais (“[you all/formal you] love”) ‎cantar (“to sing”) + ‎-ais → ‎cantais (“[you all/formal you] sing”) === Etymology 3 === ==== Alternative forms ==== -ades, -aides, -andes (dated, dialectal) -aes (pre-reform spelling) ==== Suffix ==== -ais (non-lemma form of verb-forming suffix) a suffix indicating the second-person plural present subjunctive of -er ‎correr (“to run”) + ‎-ais → ‎corrais (“[that] you all run”) a suffix indicating the second-person plural present subjunctive of -ir ‎emitir (“to emit”) + ‎-ais → ‎emitais (“[that] you all emit”) === References === == Welsh == === Alternative forms === (first-person singular preterite): (colloquial) -es === Pronunciation === (North Wales, standard) IPA(key): /ai̯s/ (North Wales, colloquial) IPA(key): /ɛs/, /ɛʃ/, /ɪʃ/ (South Wales, standard) IPA(key): /ai̯s/ (South Wales, colloquial) IPA(key): /ɛs/ === Suffix === -ais verb suffix for the first-person singular preterite ==== Usage notes ==== In the literary language, -ais causes i-affection of internal vowels, for example, ‎canu (“to sing”) + ‎-ais → ‎cenais (“I sang”).